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KRAS Gene Record

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  • Interactions
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  • KRAS 3845 Clinically ActionableDrug Resistance

    Alternate Names:

    3845
    KRAS PROTO-ONCOGENE, GTPASE
    KRAS
    C-K-RAS
    CFC2
    K-RAS2A
    K-RAS2B
    K-RAS4A
    K-RAS4B
    K-Ras
    KI-RAS
    KRAS1
    KRAS2
    NS
    NS3
    RALD
    RASK2
    c-Ki-ras2
    190070
    6407
    ENSG00000133703
    OTTHUMG00000171193
    PA30196
    3485
    2824
    P01116
    30
    BE0004071
    GTPase KRas
    T48598
    NM_004985|NM_033360
    NP_004976|NP_203524

    Gene Info:

    CancerCommons Reported Gene Name KRAS-RAS
    Target Class Miscellaneous
    Target Subclass Miscellaneous
    Target Subclass Hras
    Gene Biotype PROTEIN_CODING
    GuideToPharmacology Gene Category Name RAS subfamily
    GuideToPharmacology Gene Category ID 897
    (16 More Sources)

    Gene Categories: Category Details

    DRUG RESISTANCE
    CLINICALLY ACTIONABLE
    ENZYME

    Publications:

    Hong et al., 2016, Targeting the PI3K signaling pathway in KRAS mutant colon cancer., Cancer Med
    Park et al., 2012, NVP-BKM120, a novel PI3K inhibitor, shows synergism with a STAT3 inhibitor in human gastric cancer cells harboring KRAS mutations., Int. J. Oncol.
    Vansteenkiste et al., 2015, Safety and Efficacy of Buparlisib (BKM120) in Patients with PI3K Pathway-Activated Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer: Results from the Phase II BASALT-1 Study., J Thorac Oncol
    Roper et al., 2014, Combination PI3K/MEK inhibition promotes tumor apoptosis and regression in PIK3CA wild-type, KRAS mutant colorectal cancer., Cancer Lett.
    Gerdes et al., 2013, GA201 (RG7160): a novel, humanized, glycoengineered anti-EGFR antibody with enhanced ADCC and superior in vivo efficacy compared with cetuximab., Clin. Cancer Res.
    Bertino et al., 2016, A Phase I Trial to Evaluate Antibody-Dependent Cellular Cytotoxicity of Cetuximab and Lenalidomide in Advanced Colorectal and Head and Neck Cancer., Mol. Cancer Ther.
    Hoeflich et al., 2012, Intermittent administration of MEK inhibitor GDC-0973 plus PI3K inhibitor GDC-0941 triggers robust apoptosis and tumor growth inhibition., Cancer Res.
    Hatzivassiliou et al., 2013, Mechanism of MEK inhibition determines efficacy in mutant KRAS- versus BRAF-driven cancers., Nature
    Riquelme et al., 2016, Modulation of EZH2 Expression by MEK-ERK or PI3K-AKT Signaling in Lung Cancer Is Dictated by Different KRAS Oncogene Mutations., Cancer Res.
    Hu et al., 2015, Combined Inhibition of Cyclin-Dependent Kinases (Dinaciclib) and AKT (MK-2206) Blocks Pancreatic Tumor Growth and Metastases in Patient-Derived Xenograft Models., Mol. Cancer Ther.
    Hayes et al., 2016, Long-Term ERK Inhibition in KRAS-Mutant Pancreatic Cancer Is Associated with MYC Degradation and Senescence-like Growth Suppression., Cancer Cell
    Yap et al., 2011, First-in-man clinical trial of the oral pan-AKT inhibitor MK-2206 in patients with advanced solid tumors., J. Clin. Oncol.
    Papadimitrakopoulou et al., 2016, The BATTLE-2 Study: A Biomarker-Integrated Targeted Therapy Study in Previously Treated Patients With Advanced Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer., J. Clin. Oncol.
    Horn et al., 2016, High-Order Drug Combinations Are Required to Effectively Kill Colorectal Cancer Cells., Cancer Res.
    Ludovini V et al., 2011, Phosphoinositide-3-kinase catalytic alpha and KRAS mutations are important predictors of resistance to therapy with epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitors in patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer., J Thorac Oncol
    Pao et al., 2005, KRAS mutations and primary resistance of lung adenocarcinomas to gefitinib or erlotinib., PLoS Med.
    Marchetti et al., 2009, Clinical implications of KRAS mutations in lung cancer patients treated with tyrosine kinase inhibitors: an important role for mutations in minor clones., Neoplasia
    Manchado et al., 2016, A combinatorial strategy for treating KRAS-mutant lung cancer., Nature
    Eberlein et al., 2015, Acquired Resistance to the Mutant-Selective EGFR Inhibitor AZD9291 Is Associated with Increased Dependence on RAS Signaling in Preclinical Models., Cancer Res.
    Fiala et al., The dominant role of G12C over other KRAS mutation types in the negative prediction of efficacy of epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitors in non-small cell lung cancer., Cancer Genet
    Kim et al., 2017, Prognostic value of KRAS mutation in advanced non-small-cell lung cancer treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors: A meta-analysis and review., Oncotarget
    Martinelli et al., 2013, Antitumor activity of pimasertib, a selective MEK 1/2 inhibitor, in combination with PI3K/mTOR inhibitors or with multi-targeted kinase inhibitors in pimasertib-resistant human lung and colorectal cancer cells., Int. J. Cancer
    Paz-Ares et al., 2015, Monotherapy Administration of Sorafenib in Patients With Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (MISSION) Trial: A Phase III, Multicenter, Placebo-Controlled Trial of Sorafenib in Patients with Relapsed or Refractory Predominantly Nonsquamous Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer after 2 or 3 Previous Treatment Regimens., J Thorac Oncol
    Dingemans et al., 2013, A phase II study of sorafenib in patients with platinum-pretreated, advanced (Stage IIIb or IV) non-small cell lung cancer with a KRAS mutation., Clin. Cancer Res.
    Wilson et al., 2016, Copy Number Changes Are Associated with Response to Treatment with Carboplatin, Paclitaxel, and Sorafenib in Melanoma., Clin. Cancer Res.
    Lim et al., 2014, A phase II study of the efficacy and safety of the combination therapy of the MEK inhibitor refametinib (BAY 86-9766) plus sorafenib for Asian patients with unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma., Clin. Cancer Res.
    Falchook et al., 2015, Dual antiangiogenic inhibition: a phase I dose escalation and expansion trial targeting VEGF-A and VEGFR in patients with advanced solid tumors., Invest New Drugs
    Peng et al., 2015, Inhibition of RAF Isoforms and Active Dimers by LY3009120 Leads to Anti-tumor Activities in RAS or BRAF Mutant Cancers., Cancer Cell
    Russo et al., 2016, Tumor Heterogeneity and Lesion-Specific Response to Targeted Therapy in Colorectal Cancer., Cancer Discov
    Lin et al., 2015, The Hippo effector YAP promotes resistance to RAF- and MEK-targeted cancer therapies., Nat. Genet.
    Sun et al., 2014, Intrinsic resistance to MEK inhibition in KRAS mutant lung and colon cancer through transcriptional induction of ERBB3., Cell Rep
    Ball et al., 2015, Trametinib with and without pazopanib has potent preclinical activity in thyroid cancer., Oncol. Rep.
    Yamaguchi et al., 2016, A synthetic-lethality RNAi screen reveals an ERK-mTOR co-targeting pro-apoptotic switch in PIK3CA+ oral cancers., Oncotarget
    Gannon et al., 2016, Identification of an "Exceptional Responder" Cell Line to MEK1 Inhibition: Clinical Implications for MEK-Targeted Therapy., Mol. Cancer Res.
    Jing et al., 2012, Comprehensive predictive biomarker analysis for MEK inhibitor GSK1120212., Mol. Cancer Ther.
    Infante et al., 2014, A randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of trametinib, an oral MEK inhibitor, in combination with gemcitabine for patients with untreated metastatic adenocarcinoma of the pancreas., Eur. J. Cancer
    Beadnell et al., 2016, The Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Pathway Facilitates Resistance to the Src Inhibitor Dasatinib in Thyroid Cancer., Mol. Cancer Ther.
    Dhawan et al., 2016, Small molecule stabilization of the KSR inactive state antagonizes oncogenic Ras signalling., Nature
    Infante et al., 2012, Safety, pharmacokinetic, pharmacodynamic, and efficacy data for the oral MEK inhibitor trametinib: a phase 1 dose-escalation trial., Lancet Oncol.
    Oddo et al., 2016, Molecular Landscape of Acquired Resistance to Targeted Therapy Combinations in BRAF-Mutant Colorectal Cancer., Cancer Res.
    Gandara et al., 2017, A Phase 1/1b Study Evaluating Trametinib Plus Docetaxel or Pemetrexed in Patients With Advanced Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer., J Thorac Oncol
    Ziemke et al., 2016, Sensitivity of KRAS-Mutant Colorectal Cancers to Combination Therapy That Cotargets MEK and CDK4/6., Clin. Cancer Res.
    Brammeld et al., 2017, Genome-wide chemical mutagenesis screens allow unbiased saturation of the cancer genome and identification of drug resistance mutations., Genome Res.
    Yoon et al., 2009, Combination of EGFR and MEK1/2 inhibitor shows synergistic effects by suppressing EGFR/HER3-dependent AKT activation in human gastric cancer cells., Mol. Cancer Ther.
    Li et al., 2013, The AKT inhibitor AZD5363 is selectively active in PI3KCA mutant gastric cancer, and sensitizes a patient-derived gastric cancer xenograft model with PTEN loss to Taxotere., J Transl Med
    Rowland et al., 2016, Meta-analysis comparing the efficacy of anti-EGFR monoclonal antibody therapy between KRAS G13D and other KRAS mutant metastatic colorectal cancer tumours., Eur. J. Cancer
    Gajate P et al., 2012, Influence of KRAS p.G13D mutation in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer treated with cetuximab., Clin Colorectal Cancer
    Tyner et al., 2009, High-throughput sequencing screen reveals novel, transforming RAS mutations in myeloid leukemia patients., Blood
    Kloos et al., 2009, Phase II trial of sorafenib in metastatic thyroid cancer., J. Clin. Oncol.
    Sclafani F et al., 2015, Prognostic role of the LCS6 KRAS variant in locally advanced rectal cancer: results of the EXPERT-C trial., Ann Oncol
    Saridaki Z et al., 2014, A let-7 microRNA-binding site polymorphism in KRAS predicts improved outcome in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer treated with salvage cetuximab/panitumumab monotherapy., Clin Cancer Res
    Loupakis et al., 2009, KRAS codon 61, 146 and BRAF mutations predict resistance to cetuximab plus irinotecan in KRAS codon 12 and 13 wild-type metastatic colorectal cancer., Br. J. Cancer
    Bando H et al., 2012, Clinical outcome of Japanese metastatic colorectal cancer patients harbouring the KRAS p.G13D mutation treated with cetuximab + irinotecan., Jpn J Clin Oncol
    Deming et al., 2016, A phase I study of selumetinib (AZD6244/ARRY-142866), a MEK1/2 inhibitor, in combination with cetuximab in refractory solid tumors and KRAS mutant colorectal cancer., Invest New Drugs
    Tejpar et al., 2012, Association of KRAS G13D tumor mutations with outcome in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer treated with first-line chemotherapy with or without cetuximab., J. Clin. Oncol.
    Peeters et al., 2013, Mutant KRAS codon 12 and 13 alleles in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer: assessment as prognostic and predictive biomarkers of response to panitumumab., J. Clin. Oncol.
    Ahronian et al., 2015, Clinical Acquired Resistance to RAF Inhibitor Combinations in BRAF-Mutant Colorectal Cancer through MAPK Pathway Alterations., Cancer Discov
    Bokemeyer et al., 2011, Efficacy according to biomarker status of cetuximab plus FOLFOX-4 as first-line treatment for metastatic colorectal cancer: the OPUS study., Ann. Oncol.
    Schubbert et al., 2007, Hyperactive Ras in developmental disorders and cancer., Nat. Rev. Cancer
    Sebio A et al., 2013, The LCS6 polymorphism in the binding site of let-7 microRNA to the KRAS 3'-untranslated region: its role in the efficacy of anti-EGFR-based therapy in metastatic colorectal cancer patients., Pharmacogenet Genomics
    Hechtman et al., 2015, AKT1 E17K in Colorectal Carcinoma Is Associated with BRAF V600E but Not MSI-H Status: A Clinicopathologic Comparison to PIK3CA Helical and Kinase Domain Mutants., Mol. Cancer Res.
    Valtorta E et al., 2013, KRAS gene amplification in colorectal cancer and impact on response to EGFR-targeted therapy., Int J Cancer
    Osumi et al., 2015, Cetuximab treatment for metastatic colorectal cancer with KRAS p.G13D mutations improves progression-free survival., Mol Clin Oncol
    Pirazzoli et al., 2016, Afatinib plus Cetuximab Delays Resistance Compared to Single-Agent Erlotinib or Afatinib in Mouse Models of TKI-Naïve EGFR L858R-Induced Lung Adenocarcinoma., Clin. Cancer Res.
    Vogelstein et al., 1990, RAS gene mutations in childhood acute myeloid leukemia: a Pediatric Oncology Group study., Genes Chromosomes Cancer
    Bokemeyer et al., 2009, Fluorouracil, leucovorin, and oxaliplatin with and without cetuximab in the first-line treatment of metastatic colorectal cancer., J. Clin. Oncol.
    Bertotti et al., 2011, A molecularly annotated platform of patient-derived xenografts ("xenopatients") identifies HER2 as an effective therapeutic target in cetuximab-resistant colorectal cancer., Cancer Discov
    Misale et al., 2012, Emergence of KRAS mutations and acquired resistance to anti-EGFR therapy in colorectal cancer., Nature
    Kaczirek et al., 2015, FOLFOX4 Plus Cetuximab for Patients With Previously Untreated Metastatic Colorectal Cancer According to Tumor RAS and BRAF Mutation Status: Updated Analysis of the CECOG/CORE 1.2.002 Study., Clin Colorectal Cancer
    Lee et al., 2011, Effect of simvastatin on cetuximab resistance in human colorectal cancer with KRAS mutations., J. Natl. Cancer Inst.
    Karapetis et al., 2008, K-ras mutations and benefit from cetuximab in advanced colorectal cancer., N. Engl. J. Med.
    Douillard et al., 2010, Randomized, phase III trial of panitumumab with infusional fluorouracil, leucovorin, and oxaliplatin (FOLFOX4) versus FOLFOX4 alone as first-line treatment in patients with previously untreated metastatic colorectal cancer: the PRIME study., J. Clin. Oncol.
    Amado et al., 2008, Wild-type KRAS is required for panitumumab efficacy in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer., J. Clin. Oncol.
    Neumann et al., 2009, Frequency and type of KRAS mutations in routine diagnostic analysis of metastatic colorectal cancer., Pathol. Res. Pract.
    Riely et al., 2008, Frequency and distinctive spectrum of KRAS mutations in never smokers with lung adenocarcinoma., Clin. Cancer Res.
    Haldar et al., 2011, Epidermal growth factor receptor blockers for the treatment of ovarian cancer., Cochrane Database Syst Rev
    Parseghian et al., 2017, Dual Inhibition of EGFR and c-Src by Cetuximab and Dasatinib Combined with FOLFOX Chemotherapy in Patients with Metastatic Colorectal Cancer., Clin. Cancer Res.
    Rothenberg et al., 2005, Randomized phase II trial of the clinical and biological effects of two dose levels of gefitinib in patients with recurrent colorectal adenocarcinoma., J. Clin. Oncol.
    Benson et al., 2017, Colon Cancer, Version 1.2017, NCCN Clinical Practice Guidelines in Oncology., J Natl Compr Canc Netw
    Lièvre et al., 2006, KRAS mutation status is predictive of response to cetuximab therapy in colorectal cancer., Cancer Res.
    Hoftijzer et al., 2009, Beneficial effects of sorafenib on tumor progression, but not on radioiodine uptake, in patients with differentiated thyroid carcinoma., Eur. J. Endocrinol.
    Schirripa et al., 2015, Phase II study of single-agent cetuximab in KRAS G13D mutant metastatic colorectal cancer., Ann. Oncol.
    Kumar et al., 2014, KRAS G13D Mutation and Sensitivity to Cetuximab or Panitumumab in a Colorectal Cancer Cell Line Model., Gastrointest Cancer Res
    Napolitano et al., 2015, Primary and Acquired Resistance of Colorectal Cancer to Anti-EGFR Monoclonal Antibody Can Be Overcome by Combined Treatment of Regorafenib with Cetuximab., Clin. Cancer Res.
    Dunn et al., 2011, Dasatinib sensitizes KRAS mutant colorectal tumors to cetuximab., Oncogene
    Morgen EK et al., 2017, Germline polymorphisms as biomarkers of tumor response in colorectal cancer patients treated with anti-EGFR monoclonal antibodies: a systematic review and meta-analysis., Pharmacogenomics J
    Souglakos J et al., 2009, Prognostic and predictive value of common mutations for treatment response and survival in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer., Br J Cancer
    Janssen et al., 1987, RAS gene mutations in acute and chronic myelocytic leukemias, chronic myeloproliferative disorders, and myelodysplastic syndromes., Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.
    Osumi et al., 2013, Acquired drug resistance conferred by a KRAS gene mutation following the administration of cetuximab: a case report., BMC Res Notes
    Bacher et al., 2006, Implications of NRAS mutations in AML: a study of 2502 patients., Blood
    Sato N et al., 2012, Cetuximab inhibits the growth of mucinous ovarian carcinoma tumor cells lacking KRAS gene mutations., Oncol Rep
    Nakayama et al., 2008, KRAS or BRAF mutation status is a useful predictor of sensitivity to MEK inhibition in ovarian cancer., Br. J. Cancer
    Peeters et al., 2010, Randomized phase III study of panitumumab with fluorouracil, leucovorin, and irinotecan (FOLFIRI) compared with FOLFIRI alone as second-line treatment in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer., J. Clin. Oncol.
    Lièvre et al., 2008, KRAS mutations as an independent prognostic factor in patients with advanced colorectal cancer treated with cetuximab., J. Clin. Oncol.
    Venook et al., 2017, Effect of First-Line Chemotherapy Combined With Cetuximab or Bevacizumab on Overall Survival in Patients With KRAS Wild-Type Advanced or Metastatic Colorectal Cancer: A Randomized Clinical Trial., JAMA
    Ying HQ et al., 2014, The involvement of Kras gene 3'-UTR polymorphisms in risk of cancer and influence on patient response to anti-EGFR therapy in metastatic colorectal cancer: a meta-analysis., Onco Targets Ther
    MacConaill et al., 2014, Prospective enterprise-level molecular genotyping of a cohort of cancer patients., J Mol Diagn
    De Roock et al., 2010, Effects of KRAS, BRAF, NRAS, and PIK3CA mutations on the efficacy of cetuximab plus chemotherapy in chemotherapy-refractory metastatic colorectal cancer: a retrospective consortium analysis., Lancet Oncol.
    Allegra CJ et al., 2016, Extended RAS Gene Mutation Testing in Metastatic Colorectal Carcinoma to Predict Response to Anti-Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Monoclonal Antibody Therapy: American Society of Clinical Oncology Provisional Clinical Opinion Update 2015., J Clin Oncol
    Brose et al., 2002, BRAF and RAS mutations in human lung cancer and melanoma., Cancer Res.
    Sartore-Bianchi et al., 2009, PIK3CA mutations in colorectal cancer are associated with clinical resistance to EGFR-targeted monoclonal antibodies., Cancer Res.
    De Roock et al., 2010, Association of KRAS p.G13D mutation with outcome in patients with chemotherapy-refractory metastatic colorectal cancer treated with cetuximab., JAMA
    Chen J et al., 2013, Association between KRAS codon 13 mutations and clinical response to anti-EGFR treatment in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer: results from a meta-analysis., Cancer Chemother Pharmacol
    French D et al., 2011, KRAS mutation detection in colorectal cancer by a commercially available gene chip array compares well with Sanger sequencing., Clin Chim Acta
    Sano et al., 2012, RAS mutations are frequent in FAB type M4 and M5 of acute myeloid leukemia, and related to late relapse: a study of the Japanese Childhood AML Cooperative Study Group., Int. J. Hematol.
    Janakiraman et al., 2010, Genomic and biological characterization of exon 4 KRAS mutations in human cancer., Cancer Res.
    Ciardiello et al., 2016, Cetuximab continuation after first progression in metastatic colorectal cancer (CAPRI-GOIM): a randomized phase II trial of FOLFOX plus cetuximab versus FOLFOX., Ann. Oncol.
    Sha D et al., 2014, Association study of the let-7 miRNA-complementary site variant in the 3' untranslated region of the KRAS gene in stage III colon cancer (NCCTG N0147 Clinical Trial)., Clin Cancer Res
    Migliardi et al., 2012, Inhibition of MEK and PI3K/mTOR suppresses tumor growth but does not cause tumor regression in patient-derived xenografts of RAS-mutant colorectal carcinomas., Clin. Cancer Res.
    Ho et al., 2013, Selumetinib-enhanced radioiodine uptake in advanced thyroid cancer., N. Engl. J. Med.
    Van Cutsem et al., 2015, Fluorouracil, leucovorin, and irinotecan plus cetuximab treatment and RAS mutations in colorectal cancer., J. Clin. Oncol.
    Ramos et al., 2008, Understanding the predictive role of K-ras for epidermal growth factor receptor-targeted therapies in colorectal cancer., Clin Colorectal Cancer
    Sartore-Bianchi et al., 2016, Dual-targeted therapy with trastuzumab and lapatinib in treatment-refractory, KRAS codon 12/13 wild-type, HER2-positive metastatic colorectal cancer (HERACLES): a proof-of-concept, multicentre, open-label, phase 2 trial., Lancet Oncol.
    Lou et al., 2017, Therapeutic Response of Metastatic Colorectal Cancer Harboring a KRAS Missense Mutation After Combination Chemotherapy With the EGFR Inhibitor Panitumumab., J Natl Compr Canc Netw
    Leone et al., 2016, Panitumumab in combination with gemcitabine and oxaliplatin does not prolong survival in wild-type KRAS advanced biliary tract cancer: A randomized phase 2 trial (Vecti-BIL study)., Cancer
    Poulin-Costello et al., 2013, An analysis of the treatment effect of panitumumab on overall survival from a phase 3, randomized, controlled, multicenter trial (20020408) in patients with chemotherapy refractory metastatic colorectal cancer., Target Oncol
    Van Cutsem et al., 2014, Randomized phase Ib/II trial of rilotumumab or ganitumab with panitumumab versus panitumumab alone in patients with wild-type KRAS metastatic colorectal cancer., Clin. Cancer Res.
    Peeters et al., 2015, Analysis of KRAS/NRAS Mutations in a Phase III Study of Panitumumab with FOLFIRI Compared with FOLFIRI Alone as Second-line Treatment for Metastatic Colorectal Cancer., Clin. Cancer Res.
    Herrero et al., 2015, Small Molecule Inhibition of ERK Dimerization Prevents Tumorigenesis by RAS-ERK Pathway Oncogenes., Cancer Cell
    García-García et al., 2015, MEK plus PI3K/mTORC1/2 Therapeutic Efficacy Is Impacted by TP53 Mutation in Preclinical Models of Colorectal Cancer., Clin. Cancer Res.
    Whittaker et al., 2015, Combined Pan-RAF and MEK Inhibition Overcomes Multiple Resistance Mechanisms to Selective RAF Inhibitors., Mol. Cancer Ther.
    Nakanishi et al., 2015, ERK Signal Suppression and Sensitivity to CH5183284/Debio 1347, a Selective FGFR Inhibitor., Mol. Cancer Ther.
    Takekuma et al., 2016, A long-term surviving patient with recurrent low-grade serous ovarian carcinoma treated with the MEK1/2 inhibitor, selumetinib., Gynecol Oncol Res Pract
    Jänne et al., 2013, Selumetinib plus docetaxel for KRAS-mutant advanced non-small-cell lung cancer: a randomised, multicentre, placebo-controlled, phase 2 study., Lancet Oncol.
    Holt et al., 2012, Enhanced apoptosis and tumor growth suppression elicited by combination of MEK (selumetinib) and mTOR kinase inhibitors (AZD8055)., Cancer Res.
    McNew et al., 2016, MEK and TAK1 Regulate Apoptosis in Colon Cancer Cells with KRAS-Dependent Activation of Proinflammatory Signaling., Mol. Cancer Res.
    Qian et al., 2014, Whole genome gene copy number profiling of gastric cancer identifies PAK1 and KRAS gene amplification as therapy targets., Genes Chromosomes Cancer
    Qu et al., 2014, Antitumor activity of selective MEK1/2 inhibitor AZD6244 in combination with PI3K/mTOR inhibitor BEZ235 in gefitinib-resistant NSCLC xenograft models., J. Exp. Clin. Cancer Res.
    Engelman et al., 2008, Effective use of PI3K and MEK inhibitors to treat mutant Kras G12D and PIK3CA H1047R murine lung cancers., Nat. Med.
    Depreeuw et al., 2015, Characterization of patient-derived tumor xenograft models of endometrial cancer for preclinical evaluation of targeted therapies., Gynecol. Oncol.
    Kim et al., 2016, Phosphoproteomics Reveals MAPK Inhibitors Enhance MET- and EGFR-Driven AKT Signaling in KRAS-Mutant Lung Cancer., Mol. Cancer Res.
    Lamba et al., 2014, RAF suppression synergizes with MEK inhibition in KRAS mutant cancer cells., Cell Rep
    Hofmann et al., 2012, K-RAS mutant pancreatic tumors show higher sensitivity to MEK than to PI3K inhibition in vivo., PLoS ONE
    Ebi et al., 2011, Receptor tyrosine kinases exert dominant control over PI3K signaling in human KRAS mutant colorectal cancers., J. Clin. Invest.
    Jänne et al., 2015, Impact of KRAS codon subtypes from a randomised phase II trial of selumetinib plus docetaxel in KRAS mutant advanced non-small-cell lung cancer., Br. J. Cancer
    Jänne et al., 2017, Selumetinib Plus Docetaxel Compared With Docetaxel Alone and Progression-Free Survival in Patients With KRAS-Mutant Advanced Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer: The SELECT-1 Randomized Clinical Trial., JAMA
    Hochster et al., 2015, Phase II study of selumetinib (AZD6244, ARRY-142886) plus irinotecan as second-line therapy in patients with K-RAS mutated colorectal cancer., Cancer Chemother. Pharmacol.
    Ross et al., 2017, Targeting KRAS-dependent tumors with AZD4785, a high-affinity therapeutic antisense oligonucleotide inhibitor of KRAS., Sci Transl Med
    Yu et al., 2014, Characterization of the activity of the PI3K/mTOR inhibitor XL765 (SAR245409) in tumor models with diverse genetic alterations affecting the PI3K pathway., Mol. Cancer Ther.
    Mallon et al., 2010, Antitumor efficacy profile of PKI-402, a dual phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/mammalian target of rapamycin inhibitor., Mol. Cancer Ther.
    Zhu et al., 2008, Role of KRAS and EGFR as biomarkers of response to erlotinib in National Cancer Institute of Canada Clinical Trials Group Study BR.21., J. Clin. Oncol.
    Eberhard et al., 2005, Mutations in the epidermal growth factor receptor and in KRAS are predictive and prognostic indicators in patients with non-small-cell lung cancer treated with chemotherapy alone and in combination with erlotinib., J. Clin. Oncol.
    Brugger et al., 2011, Prospective molecular marker analyses of EGFR and KRAS from a randomized, placebo-controlled study of erlotinib maintenance therapy in advanced non-small-cell lung cancer., J. Clin. Oncol.
    Kim et al., 2011, Impact of KRAS mutations on clinical outcomes in pancreatic cancer patients treated with first-line gemcitabine-based chemotherapy., Mol. Cancer Ther.
    Kang et al., 2016, ER2, a novel human anti-EGFR monoclonal antibody inhibit tumor activity in non-small cell lung cancer models., Lung Cancer
    Chung et al., 2014, A 3'-UTR KRAS-variant is associated with cisplatin resistance in patients with recurrent and/or metastatic head and neck squamous cell carcinoma., Ann. Oncol.
    Richer et al., 2017, WEE1 Kinase Inhibitor AZD1775 Has Preclinical Efficacy in LKB1-Deficient Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer., Cancer Res.
    Wilhelm et al., 2011, Regorafenib (BAY 73-4506): a new oral multikinase inhibitor of angiogenic, stromal and oncogenic receptor tyrosine kinases with potent preclinical antitumor activity., Int. J. Cancer
    Loaiza-Bonilla et al., 2016, KDR Mutation as a Novel Predictive Biomarker of Exceptional Response to Regorafenib in Metastatic Colorectal Cancer., Cureus
    Saha et al., 2016, Isocitrate Dehydrogenase Mutations Confer Dasatinib Hypersensitivity and SRC Dependence in Intrahepatic Cholangiocarcinoma., Cancer Discov
    Mahalingam et al., 2015, The combination of intravenous Reolysin and gemcitabine induces reovirus replication and endoplasmic reticular stress in a patient with KRAS-activated pancreatic cancer., BMC Cancer
    Maitra et al., 2014, Oncolytic reovirus preferentially induces apoptosis in KRAS mutant colorectal cancer cells, and synergizes with irinotecan., Oncotarget
    Danilov et al., 2016, Dinaciclib Induces Anaphase Catastrophe in Lung Cancer Cells via Inhibition of Cyclin-Dependent Kinases 1 and 2., Mol. Cancer Ther.
    Canon et al., 2015, The MDM2 Inhibitor AMG 232 Demonstrates Robust Antitumor Efficacy and Potentiates the Activity of p53-Inducing Cytotoxic Agents., Mol. Cancer Ther.
    Ahmed et al., 2013, Epigenetic and genetic features of 24 colon cancer cell lines., Oncogenesis
    Smakman et al., 2006, KRAS(D13) Promotes apoptosis of human colorectal tumor cells by ReovirusT3D and oxaliplatin but not by tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand., Cancer Res.
    Mallon et al., 2011, Antitumor efficacy of PKI-587, a highly potent dual PI3K/mTOR kinase inhibitor., Clin. Cancer Res.
    Ortiz-Cuaran et al., 2016, Heterogeneous Mechanisms of Primary and Acquired Resistance to Third-Generation EGFR Inhibitors., Clin. Cancer Res.
    Kumar et al., 2012, The GATA2 transcriptional network is requisite for RAS oncogene-driven non-small cell lung cancer., Cell
    Schmitt et al., 2017, ATM Deficiency Is Associated with Sensitivity to PARP1- and ATR Inhibitors in Lung Adenocarcinoma., Cancer Res.
    Glover et al., 1992, Gastroenteritis outbreak at an industrial camp--British Columbia., Can. Commun. Dis. Rep.
    Patnaik et al., 2016, Efficacy and Safety of Abemaciclib, an Inhibitor of CDK4 and CDK6, for Patients with Breast Cancer, Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer, and Other Solid Tumors., Cancer Discov
    Sherr et al., 2016, Targeting CDK4 and CDK6: From Discovery to Therapy., Cancer Discov
    Montero et al., 2016, A Phase I Clinical, Pharmacokinetic, and Pharmacodynamic Study of Weekly or Every Three Week Ixabepilone and Daily Sunitinib in Patients with Advanced Solid Tumors., Clin. Cancer Res.
    Modest et al., 2013, KRAS allel-specific activity of sunitinib in an isogenic disease model of colorectal cancer., J. Cancer Res. Clin. Oncol.
    Soares et al., 2015, Dual PI3K/mTOR Inhibitors Induce Rapid Overactivation of the MEK/ERK Pathway in Human Pancreatic Cancer Cells through Suppression of mTORC2., Mol. Cancer Ther.
    Wallin et al., 2011, GDC-0980 is a novel class I PI3K/mTOR kinase inhibitor with robust activity in cancer models driven by the PI3K pathway., Mol. Cancer Ther.
    Liu et al., 2013, BAY 80-6946 is a highly selective intravenous PI3K inhibitor with potent p110α and p110δ activities in tumor cell lines and xenograft models., Mol. Cancer Ther.
    Fernandes MS et al., 2016 Oct 18, Specific inhibition of p110α subunit of PI3K: putative therapeutic strategy for KRAS mutant colorectal cancers., Oncotarget
    Fritsch et al., 2014, Characterization of the novel and specific PI3Kα inhibitor NVP-BYL719 and development of the patient stratification strategy for clinical trials., Mol. Cancer Ther.
    Anderson et al., 2016, PIK3CA mutations enable targeting of a breast tumor dependency through mTOR-mediated MCL-1 translation., Sci Transl Med
    Tabernero et al., 2015, Ramucirumab versus placebo in combination with second-line FOLFIRI in patients with metastatic colorectal carcinoma that progressed during or after first-line therapy with bevacizumab, oxaliplatin, and a fluoropyrimidine (RAISE): a randomised, double-blind, multicentre, phase 3 study., Lancet Oncol.
    Monk BJ et al., 2020, MILO/ENGOT-ov11: Binimetinib Versus Physician's Choice Chemotherapy in Recurrent or Persistent Low-Grade Serous Carcinomas of the Ovary, Fallopian Tube, or Primary Peritoneum., J Clin Oncol
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    Hamidi et al., 2014, KRAS mutational subtype and copy number predict in vitro response of human pancreatic cancer cell lines to MEK inhibition., Br. J. Cancer
    Lee et al., 2016, Efficacy of the combination of MEK and CDK4/6 inhibitors in vitro and in vivo in KRAS mutant colorectal cancer models., Oncotarget
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    Dumble et al., 2014, Discovery of novel AKT inhibitors with enhanced anti-tumor effects in combination with the MEK inhibitor., PLoS ONE
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    Egile et al., 2015, The selective intravenous inhibitor of the MET tyrosine kinase SAR125844 inhibits tumor growth in MET-amplified cancer., Mol. Cancer Ther.
    Osborne et al., 2016, Multiparameter Lead Optimization to Give an Oral Checkpoint Kinase 1 (CHK1) Inhibitor Clinical Candidate: (R)-5-((4-((Morpholin-2-ylmethyl)amino)-5-(trifluoromethyl)pyridin-2-yl)amino)pyrazine-2-carbonitrile (CCT245737)., J. Med. Chem.
    O'Neil et al., 2015, A phase II/III randomized study to compare the efficacy and safety of rigosertib plus gemcitabine versus gemcitabine alone in patients with previously untreated metastatic pancreatic cancer., Ann. Oncol.
    Van Laethem et al., 2017, Phase I/II Study of Refametinib (BAY 86-9766) in Combination with Gemcitabine in Advanced Pancreatic cancer., Target Oncol
    Vena et al., 2015, The MEK1/2 Inhibitor Pimasertib Enhances Gemcitabine Efficacy in Pancreatic Cancer Models by Altering Ribonucleotide Reductase Subunit-1 (RRM1)., Clin. Cancer Res.
    Juric et al., 2017, Phase I Dose-Escalation Study of Taselisib, an Oral PI3K Inhibitor, in Patients with Advanced Solid Tumors., Cancer Discov
    Yap et al., 2012, AT13148 is a novel, oral multi-AGC kinase inhibitor with potent pharmacodynamic and antitumor activity., Clin. Cancer Res.
    Hudson et al., 2016, Intermittent High-Dose Scheduling of AZD8835, a Novel Selective Inhibitor of PI3Kα and PI3Kδ, Demonstrates Treatment Strategies for PIK3CA-Dependent Breast Cancers., Mol. Cancer Ther.
    Foster et al., 2015, The Selective PI3K Inhibitor XL147 (SAR245408) Inhibits Tumor Growth and Survival and Potentiates the Activity of Chemotherapeutic Agents in Preclinical Tumor Models., Mol. Cancer Ther.
    Ratner et al., 2012, A KRAS variant is a biomarker of poor outcome, platinum chemotherapy resistance and a potential target for therapy in ovarian cancer., Oncogene
    Leijen et al., 2016, Phase II Study of WEE1 Inhibitor AZD1775 Plus Carboplatin in Patients With TP53-Mutated Ovarian Cancer Refractory or Resistant to First-Line Therapy Within 3 Months., J. Clin. Oncol.
    Yeh et al., 2009, KRAS/BRAF mutation status and ERK1/2 activation as biomarkers for MEK1/2 inhibitor therapy in colorectal cancer., Mol. Cancer Ther.
    Kim et al., 2013, Coexistent mutations of KRAS and PIK3CA affect the efficacy of NVP-BEZ235, a dual PI3K/MTOR inhibitor, in regulating the PI3K/MTOR pathway in colorectal cancer., Int. J. Cancer
    Riely et al., 2011, A phase II trial of Salirasib in patients with lung adenocarcinomas with KRAS mutations., J Thorac Oncol
    Laheru D et al., 2012, Integrated preclinical and clinical development of S-trans, trans-Farnesylthiosalicylic Acid (FTS, Salirasib) in pancreatic cancer., Invest New Drugs
    Yuan et al., 2011, PF-04691502, a potent and selective oral inhibitor of PI3K and mTOR kinases with antitumor activity., Mol. Cancer Ther.
    Mortensen et al., 2015, CC-223, a Potent and Selective Inhibitor of mTOR Kinase: In Vitro and In Vivo Characterization., Mol. Cancer Ther.
    Athuluri-Divakar et al., 2016, A Small Molecule RAS-Mimetic Disrupts RAS Association with Effector Proteins to Block Signaling., Cell
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  • AZD-4785   KRAS

    Interaction Score: 1.25

    Interaction Types & Directionality:
    n/a

    Interaction Info:
    Indication/Tumor Type lung cancer
    Approval Status Preclinical - Pdx
    Indication/Tumor Type non-small cell lung carcinoma

    PMIDs:
    28615361


    Sources:
    JAX-CKB TTD

  • PANITUMUMAB   KRAS

    Interaction Score: 1.15

    Interaction Types & Directionality:
    n/a

    Interaction Info:
    Variant Effect gain-of-function
    Pathway activation
    Clinical Status FDA-rejected

    PMIDs:
    26812186 22537608 19075190 19255327 26644315 26162609 25183481 28404754 23071293 22734028 23182985 21228335 17384584 26540314 23324806 23404247 23625191 26623049 2278970 19114683 24919569 21398618 20921465 18316791 19679400 18794081 21975775 16361624 28275037 16618717 19773371 26371285 24558511 27897268 26341920 3122217 16434492 19018267 20921462 25210463 25157968 26438111 12460918 19223544 20978259 23090619 22407852 24727325 22392911 23406027 19064407


    Sources:
    ClearityFoundationBiomarkers OncoKB PharmGKB DoCM JAX-CKB CIViC CGI

  • CETUXIMAB   KRAS

    Interaction Score: 0.66

    Interaction Types & Directionality:
    n/a

    Interaction Info:
    Clinical Status late trials
    Pathway activation
    Variant Effect gain-of-function

    PMIDs:
    26812186 22537608 26715098 19075190 19255327 26162609 25183481 19603018 23071293 26666244 22734028 23182985 25673644 21228335 17384584 23324806 25714871 23404247 26623049 26341921 2278970 19114683 22586653 22722830 25666295 21398618 18946061 27458141 20921465 18316791 19679400 18794081 21975775 28280091 16361624 28275037 16618717 19773371 26371285 24558511 25838391 20956938 27897268 19603024 3122217 24304820 16434492 22246397 19018267 20921462 18202412 28632865 25210463 25157968 20619739 26438111 12460918 27312529 19223544 20978259 23090619 21575616 22407852 20570890 27002107 28179366 24727325 22392911 23406027 25605843 19064407


    Sources:
    ClearityFoundationBiomarkers OncoKB PharmGKB DoCM JAX-CKB CIViC CGI

  • PELAREOREP   KRAS

    Interaction Score: 0.56

    Interaction Types & Directionality:
    inhibitor (inhibitory)

    Interaction Info:
    combination therapy Reolysin + Gemcitabine
    Indication/Tumor Type pancreatic cancer
    Response Type sensitive

    PMIDs:
    26156229 24798549


    Sources:
    CancerCommons JAX-CKB

  • PD-0325901   KRAS

    Interaction Score: 0.46

    Interaction Types & Directionality:
    n/a

    Interaction Info:
    combination therapy MLN0128 + PD-0325901
    Indication/Tumor Type colorectal cancer
    Response Type sensitive

    PMIDs:
    26272063 22684718 25673820 21516509 26037647 26267534 26582713 27556948 23934108 21325073 20570890


    Sources:
    JAX-CKB

  • XMT-1536   KRAS

    Interaction Score: 0.42

    Interaction Types & Directionality:
    n/a

    Interaction Info:
    Indication/Tumor Type non-small cell lung carcinoma
    Response Type predicted – sensitive
    Approval Status Preclinical - Pdx

    PMIDs:
    None found


    Sources:
    JAX-CKB

  • CHEMBL217354   KRAS

    Interaction Score: 0.42

    Interaction Types & Directionality:
    n/a

    Interaction Info:
    combination therapy Trametinib + TW-37
    Indication/Tumor Type non-small cell lung carcinoma
    Response Type sensitive

    PMIDs:
    25665005


    Sources:
    JAX-CKB

  • RILOTUMUMAB   KRAS

    Interaction Score: 0.42

    Interaction Types & Directionality:
    n/a

    Interaction Info:
    combination therapy Rilotumumab + Panitumumab
    Indication/Tumor Type colorectal cancer
    Response Type sensitive

    PMIDs:
    24919569


    Sources:
    JAX-CKB

  • RALIMETINIB   KRAS

    Interaction Score: 0.42

    Interaction Types & Directionality:
    n/a

    Interaction Info:
    combination therapy Ralimetinib + SCH772984
    Indication/Tumor Type pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma
    Response Type sensitive

    PMIDs:
    26725216


    Sources:
    JAX-CKB

  • SAR-125844   KRAS

    Interaction Score: 0.42

    Interaction Types & Directionality:
    n/a

    Interaction Info:
    Evidence Type Actionable
    Approval Status Preclinical - Cell culture
    Response Type resistant

    PMIDs:
    25504634


    Sources:
    JAX-CKB

  • NECITUMUMAB   KRAS

    Interaction Score: 0.42

    Interaction Types & Directionality:
    n/a

    Interaction Info:
    combination therapy Necitumumab + FOLFOX
    Indication/Tumor Type colorectal cancer
    Response Type predicted – sensitive

    PMIDs:
    26766738


    Sources:
    JAX-CKB

  • IMGATUZUMAB   KRAS

    Interaction Score: 0.42

    Interaction Types & Directionality:
    n/a

    Interaction Info:
    Indication/Tumor Type lung adenocarcinoma
    Response Type sensitive
    Approval Status Preclinical - Cell line xenograft

    PMIDs:
    23209031


    Sources:
    JAX-CKB

  • SELUMETINIB   KRAS

    Interaction Score: 0.38

    Interaction Types & Directionality:
    inhibitor (inhibitory)

    Interaction Info:
    combination therapy Osimertinib + Selumetinib
    Indication/Tumor Type thyroid cancer
    combination therapy Dasatinib + Selumetinib

    PMIDs:
    26272063 26351322 26438159 26666244 27231576 23200175 22271687 27655129 24935174 26676756 24939055 25870145 27222538 19029981 27556948 26232337 27422710 25199829 26725216 27312529 22952903 21985784 27480147 26125448 28492898 22392911 25322874


    Sources:
    ClearityFoundationBiomarkers MyCancerGenomeClinicalTrial JAX-CKB CIViC CGI

  • RIDAFOROLIMUS   KRAS

    Interaction Score: 0.28

    Interaction Types & Directionality:
    n/a

    Interaction Info:
    combination therapy Ridaforolimus + SCH772984
    Indication/Tumor Type pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma
    Response Type sensitive

    PMIDs:
    26725216


    Sources:
    JAX-CKB

  • TEPROTUMUMAB   KRAS

    Interaction Score: 0.28

    Interaction Types & Directionality:
    n/a

    Interaction Info:

    PMIDs:
    21985784


    Sources:
    CIViC

  • AFATINIB   KRAS

    Interaction Score: 0.25

    Interaction Types & Directionality:
    n/a

    Interaction Info:
    combination therapy Afatinib + Cetuximab
    Indication/Tumor Type lung adenocarcinoma
    Response Type resistant

    PMIDs:
    26341921 24685132 27338794 25870145


    Sources:
    JAX-CKB CIViC

  • OSIMERTINIB   KRAS

    Interaction Score: 0.25

    Interaction Types & Directionality:
    n/a

    Interaction Info:
    Evidence Type Actionable
    Approval Status Preclinical
    Indication/Tumor Type non-small cell lung carcinoma

    PMIDs:
    25870145 27252416


    Sources:
    JAX-CKB

  • REFAMETINIB   KRAS

    Interaction Score: 0.24

    Interaction Types & Directionality:
    n/a

    Interaction Info:
    combination therapy Copanlisib + Refametinib
    Indication/Tumor Type biliary tract cancer
    Response Type sensitive

    PMIDs:
    26582713 27975152 25294897


    Sources:
    JAX-CKB

  • TRAMETINIB   KRAS

    Interaction Score: 0.23

    Interaction Types & Directionality:
    n/a

    Interaction Info:
    combination therapy Pazopanib + Trametinib
    Indication/Tumor Type thyroid cancer
    combination therapy Dasatinib + Trametinib

    PMIDs:
    26343583 27659046 26644315 25665005 24685132 26324075 26882569 26582713 27338794 22169769 24915778 27222538 27556948 22805291 27312529 27876675 26369631 28179366


    Sources:
    ClearityFoundationBiomarkers OncoKB PharmGKB JAX-CKB CIViC CGI

  • DOXIL   KRAS

    Interaction Score: 0.21

    Interaction Types & Directionality:
    n/a

    Interaction Info:
    combination therapy Bevacizumab + Temsirolimus + Doxil
    Indication/Tumor Type ovarian carcinoma
    Response Type sensitive

    PMIDs:
    21216929


    Sources:
    JAX-CKB

  • ULIXERTINIB   KRAS

    Interaction Score: 0.21

    Interaction Types & Directionality:
    n/a

    Interaction Info:
    combination therapy AZD8186 + BVD-523
    Indication/Tumor Type pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma
    Response Type sensitive

    PMIDs:
    26725216


    Sources:
    JAX-CKB

  • RG-7420   KRAS

    Interaction Score: 0.21

    Interaction Types & Directionality:
    n/a

    Interaction Info:
    Indication/Tumor Type Advanced Solid Tumor
    Response Type sensitive
    Approval Status Preclinical - Cell line xenograft

    PMIDs:
    23934108


    Sources:
    JAX-CKB

  • VOLASERTIB   KRAS

    Interaction Score: 0.21

    Interaction Types & Directionality:
    n/a

    Interaction Info:
    Indication/Tumor Type non-small cell lung carcinoma
    Response Type sensitive
    Approval Status Preclinical

    PMIDs:
    26597303


    Sources:
    JAX-CKB

  • DEMCIZUMAB   KRAS

    Interaction Score: 0.21

    Interaction Types & Directionality:
    n/a

    Interaction Info:
    combination therapy Dasatinib + Demcizumab
    Indication/Tumor Type lung adenocarcinoma
    Response Type sensitive

    PMIDs:
    26855149


    Sources:
    JAX-CKB

  • CC-223   KRAS

    Interaction Score: 0.21

    Interaction Types & Directionality:
    n/a

    Interaction Info:
    Indication/Tumor Type colon cancer
    Response Type sensitive
    Approval Status Preclinical

    PMIDs:
    24978597 25855786


    Sources:
    JAX-CKB

  • PHENFORMIN   KRAS

    Interaction Score: 0.21

    Interaction Types & Directionality:
    n/a

    Interaction Info:
    combination therapy MLN0128 + Phenformin
    Indication/Tumor Type lung adenocarcinoma
    Response Type sensitive

    PMIDs:
    26574479


    Sources:
    JAX-CKB

  • BINIMETINIB   KRAS

    Interaction Score: 0.21

    Interaction Types & Directionality:
    n/a

    Interaction Info:
    Indication/Tumor Type lung adenocarcinoma
    Response Type decreased response
    Approval Status Preclinical - Cell culture

    PMIDs:
    32822286 26206338 28152546 25167228 27556948 27422710 27167191


    Sources:
    ClearityFoundationBiomarkers OncoKB JAX-CKB CIViC

  • RAMUCIRUMAB   KRAS

    Interaction Score: 0.21

    Interaction Types & Directionality:
    n/a

    Interaction Info:
    combination therapy Ramucirumab + FOLFIRI
    Indication/Tumor Type colorectal cancer
    Response Type sensitive

    PMIDs:
    25877855


    Sources:
    PharmGKB JAX-CKB

  • CHEMBL589258   KRAS

    Interaction Score: 0.21

    Interaction Types & Directionality:
    n/a

    Interaction Info:
    Indication/Tumor Type non-small cell lung carcinoma
    Response Type sensitive
    Approval Status Preclinical - Cell line xenograft

    PMIDs:
    20371716


    Sources:
    JAX-CKB

  • DEL-22379   KRAS

    Interaction Score: 0.21

    Interaction Types & Directionality:
    n/a

    Interaction Info:
    Approval Status Preclinical - Cell culture
    Evidence Type Actionable
    Approval Status Preclinical

    PMIDs:
    26267534


    Sources:
    JAX-CKB

  • ENCORAFENIB   KRAS

    Interaction Score: 0.19

    Interaction Types & Directionality:
    n/a

    Interaction Info:
    combination therapy Cetuximab + Encorafenib
    Indication/Tumor Type colorectal cancer
    Response Type resistant

    PMIDs:
    25673644 27312529


    Sources:
    JAX-CKB CIViC

  • PIMASERTIB   KRAS

    Interaction Score: 0.19

    Interaction Types & Directionality:
    n/a

    Interaction Info:
    combination therapy Pimasertib + Gemcitabine
    Indication/Tumor Type pancreatic cancer
    Response Type sensitive

    PMIDs:
    23629727 26228206


    Sources:
    ClearityFoundationBiomarkers JAX-CKB

  • DEGUELIN   KRAS

    Interaction Score: 0.18

    Interaction Types & Directionality:
    n/a

    Interaction Info:
    Indication/Tumor Type stomach cancer
    Response Type predicted – sensitive
    Approval Status Preclinical

    PMIDs:
    24978597 20811676


    Sources:
    JAX-CKB

  • RO-4987655   KRAS

    Interaction Score: 0.18

    Interaction Types & Directionality:
    n/a

    Interaction Info:
    Indication/Tumor Type colorectal cancer
    Response Type no benefit
    Approval Status Phase I

    PMIDs:
    26438159 24947927


    Sources:
    JAX-CKB

  • ABEMACICLIB   KRAS

    Interaction Score: 0.18

    Interaction Types & Directionality:
    n/a

    Interaction Info:
    Indication/Tumor Type non-small cell lung carcinoma
    Evidence Type Actionable
    Approval Status Phase I

    PMIDs:
    1291017 27217383 26658964


    Sources:
    JAX-CKB CIViC CGI

  • POZIOTINIB   KRAS

    Interaction Score: 0.17

    Interaction Types & Directionality:
    n/a

    Interaction Info:
    Indication/Tumor Type stomach cancer
    Response Type resistant
    Approval Status Preclinical

    PMIDs:
    21306821


    Sources:
    JAX-CKB

  • DANUSERTIB   KRAS

    Interaction Score: 0.17

    Interaction Types & Directionality:
    n/a

    Interaction Info:
    combination therapy Danusertib + SCH772984
    Indication/Tumor Type pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma
    Response Type sensitive

    PMIDs:
    26725216


    Sources:
    JAX-CKB

  • SALIRASIB   KRAS

    Interaction Score: 0.17

    Interaction Types & Directionality:
    n/a

    Interaction Info:
    Indication/Tumor Type lung adenocarcinoma
    Response Type no benefit
    Approval Status Phase II

    PMIDs:
    21847063 22547163


    Sources:
    JAX-CKB CIViC

  • COBIMETINIB   KRAS

    Interaction Score: 0.15

    Interaction Types & Directionality:
    n/a

    Interaction Info:
    combination therapy Atezolizumab + Cobimetinib
    Indication/Tumor Type colorectal cancer
    Response Type predicted – sensitive

    PMIDs:
    22084396 23934108


    Sources:
    ClearityFoundationBiomarkers OncoKB JAX-CKB

  • MK-2206   KRAS

    Interaction Score: 0.15

    Interaction Types & Directionality:
    n/a

    Interaction Info:
    combination therapy DZNep + MK2206
    Indication/Tumor Type pancreatic cancer
    Response Type sensitive

    PMIDs:
    26676756 25931518 26725216 22025163 27480147


    Sources:
    JAX-CKB

  • TAZEMETOSTAT   KRAS

    Interaction Score: 0.14

    Interaction Types & Directionality:
    n/a

    Interaction Info:
    combination therapy Selumetinib + Tazemetostat
    Indication/Tumor Type lung adenocarcinoma
    Response Type no benefit

    PMIDs:
    26676756


    Sources:
    JAX-CKB

  • RIGOSERTIB   KRAS

    Interaction Score: 0.14

    Interaction Types & Directionality:
    n/a

    Interaction Info:
    Indication/Tumor Type pancreatic cancer
    Response Type sensitive
    Approval Status Preclinical

    PMIDs:
    27104980 26091808


    Sources:
    JAX-CKB

  • AZD-8186   KRAS

    Interaction Score: 0.14

    Interaction Types & Directionality:
    n/a

    Interaction Info:
    combination therapy AZD8186 + BVD-523
    Indication/Tumor Type pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma
    Response Type sensitive

    PMIDs:
    26725216


    Sources:
    JAX-CKB

  • AZD-8835   KRAS

    Interaction Score: 0.14

    Interaction Types & Directionality:
    n/a

    Interaction Info:
    Indication/Tumor Type Advanced Solid Tumor
    Response Type resistant
    Approval Status Preclinical

    PMIDs:
    26839307


    Sources:
    JAX-CKB

  • TEMSIROLIMUS   KRAS

    Interaction Score: 0.14

    Interaction Types & Directionality:
    n/a

    Interaction Info:
    combination therapy SCH772984 + Temsirolimus
    Indication/Tumor Type pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma
    Response Type sensitive

    PMIDs:
    21216929 26725216 27016228


    Sources:
    ClearityFoundationBiomarkers JAX-CKB

  • DINACICLIB   KRAS

    Interaction Score: 0.14

    Interaction Types & Directionality:
    n/a

    Interaction Info:
    combination therapy Dinaciclib + MK2206
    Indication/Tumor Type pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma
    Response Type sensitive

    PMIDs:
    27550941 25931518


    Sources:
    JAX-CKB

  • LY-3009120   KRAS

    Interaction Score: 0.14

    Interaction Types & Directionality:
    n/a

    Interaction Info:
    Indication/Tumor Type colorectal cancer
    Response Type sensitive
    Approval Status Preclinical

    PMIDs:
    26343583


    Sources:
    JAX-CKB

  • CAPIVASERTIB   KRAS

    Interaction Score: 0.14

    Interaction Types & Directionality:
    n/a

    Interaction Info:
    Indication/Tumor Type stomach cancer
    Response Type sensitive
    Approval Status Preclinical

    PMIDs:
    19755509 24088382


    Sources:
    JAX-CKB

  • CGM-097   KRAS

    Interaction Score: 0.14

    Interaction Types & Directionality:
    n/a

    Interaction Info:
    combination therapy ABT-263 + Alpelisib + CGM097 + Trametinib
    Indication/Tumor Type colorectal cancer
    Response Type sensitive

    PMIDs:
    27659046


    Sources:
    JAX-CKB

  • REGORAFENIB   KRAS

    Interaction Score: 0.13

    Interaction Types & Directionality:
    inhibitor (inhibitory)

    Interaction Info:
    Drug family Pan-kinase inhibitor
    Alteration KRAS:.
    Indication/Tumor Type breast cancer

    PMIDs:
    21170960 23629727 25838391 27004155


    Sources:
    MyCancerGenomeClinicalTrial OncoKB PharmGKB JAX-CKB CGI

  • NAVITOCLAX   KRAS

    Interaction Score: 0.13

    Interaction Types & Directionality:
    n/a

    Interaction Info:
    Approval Status Preclinical
    Indication/Tumor Type non-small cell lung carcinoma
    combination therapy Trametinib + Navitoclax

    PMIDs:
    27659046 25665005 26725216


    Sources:
    JAX-CKB

  • OSI-027   KRAS

    Interaction Score: 0.13

    Interaction Types & Directionality:
    n/a

    Interaction Info:
    combination therapy OSI-027 + SCH772984
    Indication/Tumor Type pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma
    Response Type sensitive

    PMIDs:
    21673091 26725216


    Sources:
    JAX-CKB

  • FARNESYL DIPHOSPHATE   KRAS

    Interaction Score: 0.12

    Interaction Types & Directionality:
    n/a

    Interaction Info:

    PMIDs:
    10592235


    Sources:
    DrugBank

  • ABT 737   KRAS

    Interaction Score: 0.12

    Interaction Types & Directionality:
    n/a

    Interaction Info:
    combination therapy Oxaliplatin + ABT-737
    Indication/Tumor Type Advanced Solid Tumor
    Response Type sensitive

    PMIDs:
    21468686


    Sources:
    JAX-CKB

  • PF-00477736   KRAS

    Interaction Score: 0.12

    Interaction Types & Directionality:
    n/a

    Interaction Info:
    combination therapy PF3644022 + PF-477736
    Indication/Tumor Type urinary bladder cancer
    Response Type predicted – sensitive

    PMIDs:
    26140595


    Sources:
    JAX-CKB

  • AT-13148   KRAS

    Interaction Score: 0.12

    Interaction Types & Directionality:
    n/a

    Interaction Info:
    Indication/Tumor Type colon cancer
    Response Type sensitive
    Approval Status Preclinical

    PMIDs:
    22781553


    Sources:
    JAX-CKB

  • FIMEPINOSTAT   KRAS

    Interaction Score: 0.12

    Interaction Types & Directionality:
    n/a

    Interaction Info:
    Indication/Tumor Type multiple myeloma
    Response Type sensitive
    Approval Status Preclinical

    PMIDs:
    22693356 19165201 19490892 20570890


    Sources:
    JAX-CKB

  • GEDATOLISIB   KRAS

    Interaction Score: 0.12

    Interaction Types & Directionality:
    n/a

    Interaction Info:
    Indication/Tumor Type Advanced Solid Tumor
    Response Type predicted – sensitive
    Approval Status Preclinical - Cell culture

    PMIDs:
    24042735 25673820 23012248 12068308 17314276 25688157 21325073


    Sources:
    JAX-CKB

  • NERATINIB   KRAS

    Interaction Score: 0.11

    Interaction Types & Directionality:
    n/a

    Interaction Info:
    combination therapy Neratinib + Trastuzumab
    Indication/Tumor Type colorectal cancer
    Response Type resistant

    PMIDs:
    26725216 26243863


    Sources:
    JAX-CKB

  • AZD-8055   KRAS

    Interaction Score: 0.11

    Interaction Types & Directionality:
    n/a

    Interaction Info:
    Approval Status Preclinical - Cell culture
    Indication/Tumor Type pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma
    combination therapy AZD8055 + SCH772984

    PMIDs:
    22271687 26725216 24791855


    Sources:
    JAX-CKB

  • DACTOLISIB   KRAS

    Interaction Score: 0.11

    Interaction Types & Directionality:
    n/a

    Interaction Info:
    Indication/Tumor Type colorectal cancer
    Response Type sensitive
    Approval Status Preclinical

    PMIDs:
    26272063 23629727 25673820 23475782 26206338 24939055 19029981 26232337 22662154 22392911


    Sources:
    JAX-CKB CIViC

  • PA-799   KRAS

    Interaction Score: 0.1

    Interaction Types & Directionality:
    n/a

    Interaction Info:
    Indication/Tumor Type endometrial cancer
    Response Type sensitive
    Approval Status Preclinical

    PMIDs:
    22159814 21558396


    Sources:
    JAX-CKB

  • TAK-733   KRAS

    Interaction Score: 0.1

    Interaction Types & Directionality:
    n/a

    Interaction Info:
    Indication/Tumor Type cholangiocarcinoma
    Response Type sensitive
    Approval Status Preclinical - Pdx

    PMIDs:
    26439693


    Sources:
    JAX-CKB

  • DECITABINE   KRAS

    Interaction Score: 0.1

    Interaction Types & Directionality:
    n/a

    Interaction Info:
    combination therapy Decitabine;BCL2 inhibitor
    Drug family Chemotherapy;BCL2 inhibitor
    Alteration KRAS:.

    PMIDs:
    25968887


    Sources:
    CIViC CGI

  • LINSITINIB   KRAS

    Interaction Score: 0.1

    Interaction Types & Directionality:
    n/a

    Interaction Info:
    combination therapy Linsitinib + SCH772984
    Indication/Tumor Type pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma
    Response Type sensitive

    PMIDs:
    26725216


    Sources:
    JAX-CKB

  • VISTUSERTIB   KRAS

    Interaction Score: 0.1

    Interaction Types & Directionality:
    n/a

    Interaction Info:
    combination therapy SCH772984 + Vistusertib
    Indication/Tumor Type pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma
    Response Type sensitive

    PMIDs:
    26725216


    Sources:
    JAX-CKB

  • IPATASERTIB   KRAS

    Interaction Score: 0.1

    Interaction Types & Directionality:
    n/a

    Interaction Info:
    Evidence Type Actionable
    Approval Status Preclinical - Cell culture
    Response Type sensitive

    PMIDs:
    26725216


    Sources:
    JAX-CKB

  • IRINOTECAN   KRAS

    Interaction Score: 0.1

    Interaction Types & Directionality:
    n/a

    Interaction Info:
    combination therapy Irinotecan + Selumetinib
    Indication/Tumor Type colorectal cancer
    Response Type predicted – sensitive

    PMIDs:
    25567130 24042735 23209031 16707468 25714871 26341920 20619739 21325073 21575616 24798549 25322874


    Sources:
    JAX-CKB CIViC

  • ERLOTINIB   KRAS

    Interaction Score: 0.1

    Interaction Types & Directionality:
    n/a

    Interaction Info:
    combination therapy ABT-263 + Alpelisib + Erlotinib + Trametinib
    Indication/Tumor Type colorectal cancer
    Response Type sensitive

    PMIDs:
    21258250 27659046 15696205 19794967 18626007 16043828 23313110 27480147 21969500 21862683


    Sources:
    ClearityFoundationBiomarkers JAX-CKB CIViC

  • PANOBINOSTAT   KRAS

    Interaction Score: 0.1

    Interaction Types & Directionality:
    n/a

    Interaction Info:
    Approval Status Preclinical - Cell culture
    Indication/Tumor Type pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma
    combination therapy Panobinostat + SCH772984

    PMIDs:
    22693356 19490892 26725216


    Sources:
    JAX-CKB

  • SARACATINIB   KRAS

    Interaction Score: 0.1

    Interaction Types & Directionality:
    n/a

    Interaction Info:
    Indication/Tumor Type intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma
    Response Type sensitive
    Approval Status Preclinical

    PMIDs:
    27231123 26725216


    Sources:
    JAX-CKB

  • ATEZOLIZUMAB   KRAS

    Interaction Score: 0.1

    Interaction Types & Directionality:
    n/a

    Interaction Info:
    combination therapy Atezolizumab + Cobimetinib
    Indication/Tumor Type colorectal cancer
    Response Type predicted – sensitive

    PMIDs:
    28525386


    Sources:
    JAX-CKB CIViC

  • BERZOSERTIB   KRAS

    Interaction Score: 0.09

    Interaction Types & Directionality:
    n/a

    Interaction Info:
    Indication/Tumor Type lung adenocarcinoma
    Response Type sensitive
    Approval Status Preclinical

    PMIDs:
    28363999


    Sources:
    JAX-CKB

  • PEMETREXED   KRAS

    Interaction Score: 0.09

    Interaction Types & Directionality:
    n/a

    Interaction Info:
    combination therapy Pemetrexed + GSK1120212
    Indication/Tumor Type non-small cell lung carcinoma
    Response Type predicted – sensitive

    PMIDs:
    27876675


    Sources:
    JAX-CKB CIViC

  • BUPARLISIB   KRAS

    Interaction Score: 0.09

    Interaction Types & Directionality:
    n/a

    Interaction Info:
    combination therapy BKM120 + AG490
    Indication/Tumor Type stomach cancer
    Response Type sensitive

    PMIDs:
    26715098 22159814 26098748 24576621


    Sources:
    JAX-CKB

  • CRIZOTINIB   KRAS

    Interaction Score: 0.08

    Interaction Types & Directionality:
    n/a

    Interaction Info:
    Indication/Tumor Type stomach cancer
    Response Type resistant
    Approval Status Preclinical

    PMIDs:
    27338794 25232318 26432108


    Sources:
    JAX-CKB

  • PICTILISIB   KRAS

    Interaction Score: 0.08

    Interaction Types & Directionality:
    n/a

    Interaction Info:
    Indication/Tumor Type myelodysplastic/myeloproliferative neoplasm
    Response Type sensitive
    Approval Status Preclinical

    PMIDs:
    22084396 22693356 19165201 26725216 22952903


    Sources:
    JAX-CKB

  • OXALIPLATIN   KRAS

    Interaction Score: 0.08

    Interaction Types & Directionality:
    n/a

    Interaction Info:
    combination therapy Oxaliplatin + ABT-737
    Indication/Tumor Type Advanced Solid Tumor
    Response Type sensitive

    PMIDs:
    26540314 20921465 26341920 23209813 21468686


    Sources:
    JAX-CKB CIViC

  • A-443654   KRAS

    Interaction Score: 0.08

    Interaction Types & Directionality:
    n/a

    Interaction Info:
    Indication/Tumor Type colon cancer
    Response Type sensitive
    Approval Status Preclinical

    PMIDs:
    24978597 24569089


    Sources:
    JAX-CKB

  • PEMBROLIZUMAB   KRAS

    Interaction Score: 0.08

    Interaction Types & Directionality:
    n/a

    Interaction Info:
    Indication/Tumor Type non-small cell lung carcinoma
    Response Type predicted – sensitive
    Approval Status Phase I

    PMIDs:
    28039262 28451792


    Sources:
    JAX-CKB CIViC

  • TASELISIB   KRAS

    Interaction Score: 0.08

    Interaction Types & Directionality:
    n/a

    Interaction Info:
    Response Type no benefit
    Indication/Tumor Type colorectal cancer
    Evidence Type Actionable

    PMIDs:
    28331003


    Sources:
    JAX-CKB

  • PF-04691502   KRAS

    Interaction Score: 0.07

    Interaction Types & Directionality:
    n/a

    Interaction Info:
    Indication/Tumor Type non-small cell lung carcinoma
    Response Type sensitive
    Approval Status Preclinical - Cell line xenograft

    PMIDs:
    26725216 21750219


    Sources:
    JAX-CKB

  • EVEROLIMUS   KRAS

    Interaction Score: 0.07

    Interaction Types & Directionality:
    n/a

    Interaction Info:
    Evidence Type Actionable
    Indication/Tumor Type Advanced Solid Tumor
    Response Type resistant

    PMIDs:
    23629727 20664174 20664172 26725216 22662154


    Sources:
    ClearityFoundationBiomarkers JAX-CKB

  • SERABELISIB   KRAS

    Interaction Score: 0.07

    Interaction Types & Directionality:
    n/a

    Interaction Info:
    Indication/Tumor Type Advanced Solid Tumor
    Response Type no benefit
    Approval Status Preclinical

    PMIDs:
    None found


    Sources:
    JAX-CKB

  • LIFIRAFENIB   KRAS

    Interaction Score: 0.07

    Interaction Types & Directionality:
    n/a

    Interaction Info:
    Indication/Tumor Type non-small cell lung carcinoma
    Response Type predicted – sensitive
    Approval Status Phase I

    PMIDs:
    None found


    Sources:
    JAX-CKB

  • DS-7423   KRAS

    Interaction Score: 0.07

    Interaction Types & Directionality:
    n/a

    Interaction Info:
    Indication/Tumor Type ovarian clear cell adenocarcinoma
    Response Type sensitive
    Approval Status Preclinical - Cell line xenograft

    PMIDs:
    24504419


    Sources:
    JAX-CKB

  • TRASTUZUMAB   KRAS

    Interaction Score: 0.07

    Interaction Types & Directionality:
    n/a

    Interaction Info:
    combination therapy Neratinib + Trastuzumab
    Indication/Tumor Type colorectal cancer
    Response Type resistant

    PMIDs:
    27108243 26243863


    Sources:
    JAX-CKB CGI

  • BMS-754807   KRAS

    Interaction Score: 0.06

    Interaction Types & Directionality:
    n/a

    Interaction Info:
    combination therapy BMS-754807 + SCH772984
    Indication/Tumor Type pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma
    Response Type sensitive

    PMIDs:
    26725216


    Sources:
    JAX-CKB

  • NILOTINIB   KRAS

    Interaction Score: 0.06

    Interaction Types & Directionality:
    n/a

    Interaction Info:
    combination therapy Nilotinib + SCH772984
    Indication/Tumor Type pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma
    Response Type sensitive

    PMIDs:
    26725216


    Sources:
    JAX-CKB

  • ERDAFITINIB   KRAS

    Interaction Score: 0.06

    Interaction Types & Directionality:
    n/a

    Interaction Info:
    Indication/Tumor Type lung cancer
    Response Type resistant
    Approval Status Preclinical - Cell culture

    PMIDs:
    28341788


    Sources:
    JAX-CKB

  • ALPELISIB   KRAS

    Interaction Score: 0.06

    Interaction Types & Directionality:
    n/a

    Interaction Info:
    combination therapy ABT-263 + Alpelisib + CGM097 + Trametinib
    Indication/Tumor Type colorectal cancer
    Response Type sensitive

    PMIDs:
    27659046 27602501 24608574 27312529


    Sources:
    JAX-CKB

  • PILARALISIB   KRAS

    Interaction Score: 0.06

    Interaction Types & Directionality:
    n/a

    Interaction Info:
    combination therapy XL147 + Carboplatin
    Indication/Tumor Type non-small cell lung carcinoma
    Response Type sensitive

    PMIDs:
    25637314 21216929


    Sources:
    JAX-CKB

  • PALBOCICLIB   KRAS

    Interaction Score: 0.06

    Interaction Types & Directionality:
    n/a

    Interaction Info:
    combination therapy Palbociclib + Trametinib
    Indication/Tumor Type colorectal cancer
    Response Type sensitive

    PMIDs:
    1291017 26658964 26369631 27167191


    Sources:
    JAX-CKB CIViC CGI

  • BEVACIZUMAB   KRAS

    Interaction Score: 0.06

    Interaction Types & Directionality:
    n/a

    Interaction Info:
    combination therapy Bevacizumab + Sorafenib
    Indication/Tumor Type colorectal cancer
    Response Type sensitive

    PMIDs:
    28632865 21216929 23828442 25363205


    Sources:
    JAX-CKB CIViC

  • LONAFARNIB   KRAS

    Interaction Score: 0.06

    Interaction Types & Directionality:
    inhibitor (inhibitory)

    Interaction Info:
    Direct Interaction? False
    Endogenous Drug? False
    Specific Action of the Ligand Inhibition

    PMIDs:
    None found


    Sources:
    GuideToPharmacology

  • ADAVOSERTIB   KRAS

    Interaction Score: 0.06

    Interaction Types & Directionality:
    n/a

    Interaction Info:
    combination therapy MK-1775 + Cisplatin
    Indication/Tumor Type non-small cell lung carcinoma
    Response Type predicted – sensitive

    PMIDs:
    28652249 24791855 27998224


    Sources:
    JAX-CKB

  • GEMCITABINE   KRAS

    Interaction Score: 0.06

    Interaction Types & Directionality:
    n/a

    Interaction Info:
    Indication/Tumor Type biliary tract cancer
    combination therapy Panitumumab + Gemcitabine + Oxaliplatin
    Approval Status Phase Ib/II

    PMIDs:
    26540314 27167172 26156229 24915778 26091808 27975152 26228206 21862683


    Sources:
    JAX-CKB CIViC CGI

  • SONOLISIB   KRAS

    Interaction Score: 0.06

    Interaction Types & Directionality:
    n/a

    Interaction Info:
    Indication/Tumor Type lung adenocarcinoma
    Response Type sensitive
    Approval Status Preclinical

    PMIDs:
    18493606


    Sources:
    JAX-CKB

  • VENETOCLAX   KRAS

    Interaction Score: 0.06

    Interaction Types & Directionality:
    n/a

    Interaction Info:
    combination therapy Venetoclax + VX-11e
    Indication/Tumor Type colorectal cancer
    Response Type no benefit

    PMIDs:
    27974663


    Sources:
    JAX-CKB

  • NIVOLUMAB   KRAS

    Interaction Score: 0.06

    Interaction Types & Directionality:
    n/a

    Interaction Info:

    PMIDs:
    28525386


    Sources:
    CIViC

  • GEFITINIB   KRAS

    Interaction Score: 0.06

    Interaction Types & Directionality:
    n/a

    Interaction Info:
    combination therapy Gefitinib + Trametinib
    Indication/Tumor Type lung cancer
    Response Type no benefit

    PMIDs:
    21258250 15696205 19794967 27338794 25870145 23313110


    Sources:
    ClearityFoundationBiomarkers JAX-CKB CIViC

  • SAPANISERTIB   KRAS

    Interaction Score: 0.05

    Interaction Types & Directionality:
    n/a

    Interaction Info:
    Evidence Type Actionable
    Indication/Tumor Type lung cancer
    Response Type sensitive

    PMIDs:
    26272063 26574479


    Sources:
    JAX-CKB

  • DABRAFENIB   KRAS

    Interaction Score: 0.05

    Interaction Types & Directionality:
    n/a

    Interaction Info:
    combination therapy Cetuximab + Dabrafenib + Trametinib
    Indication/Tumor Type colorectal cancer
    Response Type sensitive

    PMIDs:
    27312529


    Sources:
    PharmGKB JAX-CKB

  • CI-1040   KRAS

    Interaction Score: 0.05

    Interaction Types & Directionality:
    n/a

    Interaction Info:
    Indication/Tumor Type colorectal cancer
    Response Type sensitive
    Approval Status Preclinical

    PMIDs:
    19018267 19372556


    Sources:
    JAX-CKB

  • METFORMIN   KRAS

    Interaction Score: 0.05

    Interaction Types & Directionality:
    n/a

    Interaction Info:
    Indication/Tumor Type endometrial cancer
    Response Type sensitive
    Approval Status Preclinical - Cell line xenograft

    PMIDs:
    24077915 32444490 23877793


    Sources:
    JAX-CKB CIViC

  • CABOZANTINIB   KRAS

    Interaction Score: 0.05

    Interaction Types & Directionality:
    n/a

    Interaction Info:
    Indication/Tumor Type thyroid medullary carcinoma
    Response Type sensitive
    Approval Status Phase III

    PMIDs:
    27525386


    Sources:
    JAX-CKB

  • APITOLISIB   KRAS

    Interaction Score: 0.05

    Interaction Types & Directionality:
    n/a

    Interaction Info:
    Indication/Tumor Type colon cancer
    Response Type sensitive
    Approval Status Preclinical - Cell line xenograft

    PMIDs:
    25673820 21998291


    Sources:
    JAX-CKB

  • LENALIDOMIDE   KRAS

    Interaction Score: 0.05

    Interaction Types & Directionality:
    n/a

    Interaction Info:
    combination therapy Cetuximab + lenalidomide
    Indication/Tumor Type colorectal cancer
    Response Type predicted – sensitive

    PMIDs:
    27458141


    Sources:
    JAX-CKB

  • COPANLISIB   KRAS

    Interaction Score: 0.05

    Interaction Types & Directionality:
    n/a

    Interaction Info:
    combination therapy Copanlisib + Refametinib
    Indication/Tumor Type biliary tract cancer
    Response Type sensitive

    PMIDs:
    24170767


    Sources:
    JAX-CKB

  • VOXTALISIB   KRAS

    Interaction Score: 0.05

    Interaction Types & Directionality:
    n/a

    Interaction Info:
    Indication/Tumor Type colorectal cancer
    Response Type sensitive
    Approval Status Preclinical - Cell culture

    PMIDs:
    24634413


    Sources:
    JAX-CKB

  • LAPATINIB   KRAS

    Interaction Score: 0.04

    Interaction Types & Directionality:
    n/a

    Interaction Info:
    combination therapy Trastuzumab;Lapatinib
    Drug family ERBB2 mAb inhibitor;ERBB2 inhibitor
    Alteration KRAS:.

    PMIDs:
    27108243


    Sources:
    JAX-CKB CGI

  • SORAFENIB   KRAS

    Interaction Score: 0.04

    Interaction Types & Directionality:
    n/a

    Interaction Info:
    Alteration KRAS:.
    Drug family Pan-TK inhibitor;MEK inhibitor
    combination therapy Sorafenib;MEK inhibitor

    PMIDs:
    23629727 26743856 23224737 26307133 25294897 27480147 25363205


    Sources:
    JAX-CKB CGI

  • CARBOPLATIN   KRAS

    Interaction Score: 0.04

    Interaction Types & Directionality:
    n/a

    Interaction Info:
    combination therapy XL147 + Carboplatin
    Indication/Tumor Type non-small cell lung carcinoma
    Response Type sensitive

    PMIDs:
    25637314 16043828 22139083 26307133 21216929 27998224


    Sources:
    JAX-CKB CIViC

  • DASATINIB   KRAS

    Interaction Score: 0.04

    Interaction Types & Directionality:
    n/a

    Interaction Info:
    combination therapy Dasatinib + Demcizumab
    Indication/Tumor Type lung adenocarcinoma
    Response Type sensitive

    PMIDs:
    26855149 27231123 28280091 27222538 20956938 26725216


    Sources:
    JAX-CKB CIViC

  • PONATINIB   KRAS

    Interaction Score: 0.04

    Interaction Types & Directionality:
    n/a

    Interaction Info:
    combination therapy Ponatinib + Trametinib
    Indication/Tumor Type pancreatic cancer
    Response Type sensitive

    PMIDs:
    27338794


    Sources:
    JAX-CKB CGI

  • VEMURAFENIB   KRAS

    Interaction Score: 0.04

    Interaction Types & Directionality:
    n/a

    Interaction Info:
    Evidence Type Actionable
    Approval Status Preclinical - Cell culture
    Response Type resistant

    PMIDs:
    27312529


    Sources:
    PharmGKB JAX-CKB

  • IXABEPILONE   KRAS

    Interaction Score: 0.04

    Interaction Types & Directionality:
    n/a

    Interaction Info:
    combination therapy Ixabepilone + Sunitinib
    Indication/Tumor Type colorectal cancer
    Response Type predicted – sensitive

    PMIDs:
    26864210


    Sources:
    JAX-CKB

  • INFIGRATINIB   KRAS

    Interaction Score: 0.04

    Interaction Types & Directionality:
    n/a

    Interaction Info:
    Evidence Type Actionable
    Approval Status Preclinical - Cell culture
    Response Type sensitive

    PMIDs:
    27338794


    Sources:
    JAX-CKB

  • DOCETAXEL   KRAS

    Interaction Score: 0.04

    Interaction Types & Directionality:
    n/a

    Interaction Info:
    combination therapy Selumetinib + Docetaxel
    Indication/Tumor Type non-small cell lung carcinoma
    Response Type no benefit

    PMIDs:
    23200175 27876675 26125448 28492898


    Sources:
    JAX-CKB CIViC CGI

  • CAMPTOTHECIN   KRAS

    Interaction Score: 0.03

    Interaction Types & Directionality:
    n/a

    Interaction Info:
    combination therapy Gedatolisib + Camptothecin
    Indication/Tumor Type colon cancer
    Response Type sensitive

    PMIDs:
    24042735 25688157


    Sources:
    JAX-CKB

  • PANULISIB   KRAS

    Interaction Score: 0.03

    Interaction Types & Directionality:
    n/a

    Interaction Info:
    Indication/Tumor Type non-small cell lung carcinoma
    Response Type sensitive
    Approval Status Preclinical - Cell line xenograft

    PMIDs:
    None found


    Sources:
    JAX-CKB

  • MIDOSTAURIN   KRAS

    Interaction Score: 0.03

    Interaction Types & Directionality:
    n/a

    Interaction Info:
    combination therapy Midostaurin + SCH772984
    Indication/Tumor Type pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma
    Response Type sensitive

    PMIDs:
    26725216


    Sources:
    JAX-CKB

  • LEUCOVORIN   KRAS

    Interaction Score: 0.03

    Interaction Types & Directionality:
    n/a

    Interaction Info:

    PMIDs:
    20921465


    Sources:
    CIViC

  • SUNITINIB   KRAS

    Interaction Score: 0.03

    Interaction Types & Directionality:
    n/a

    Interaction Info:
    Approval Status Phase I
    Response Type predicted – sensitive
    combination therapy Ixabepilone + Sunitinib

    PMIDs:
    26864210 23455880


    Sources:
    JAX-CKB

  • OLAPARIB   KRAS

    Interaction Score: 0.03

    Interaction Types & Directionality:
    n/a

    Interaction Info:
    Evidence Type Actionable
    Approval Status Preclinical
    Response Type sensitive

    PMIDs:
    28363999


    Sources:
    JAX-CKB

  • FASUDIL   KRAS

    Interaction Score: 0.03

    Interaction Types & Directionality:
    n/a

    Interaction Info:
    combination therapy bortezomib + fasudil
    Indication/Tumor Type non-small cell lung carcinoma
    Response Type sensitive

    PMIDs:
    22541434


    Sources:
    JAX-CKB

  • PACLITAXEL   KRAS

    Interaction Score: 0.03

    Interaction Types & Directionality:
    n/a

    Interaction Info:
    Response Type resistant
    combination therapy Carboplatin + Erlotinib + Paclitaxel
    Indication/Tumor Type non-small cell lung carcinoma

    PMIDs:
    16043828 22139083 26307133 21216929


    Sources:
    JAX-CKB CIViC

  • SIROLIMUS   KRAS

    Interaction Score: 0.02

    Interaction Types & Directionality:
    n/a

    Interaction Info:
    Indication/Tumor Type pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma
    Response Type conflicting
    Approval Status Preclinical

    PMIDs:
    26144316 26882569


    Sources:
    JAX-CKB

  • ROMIDEPSIN   KRAS

    Interaction Score: 0.02

    Interaction Types & Directionality:
    n/a

    Interaction Info:
    Evidence Type Actionable
    Approval Status Preclinical
    Response Type sensitive

    PMIDs:
    None found


    Sources:
    JAX-CKB

  • PAZOPANIB   KRAS

    Interaction Score: 0.02

    Interaction Types & Directionality:
    n/a

    Interaction Info:
    Indication/Tumor Type thyroid cancer
    Response Type sensitive
    Approval Status Preclinical - Cell line xenograft

    PMIDs:
    26324075


    Sources:
    JAX-CKB

  • FLUOROURACIL   KRAS

    Interaction Score: 0.02

    Interaction Types & Directionality:
    n/a

    Interaction Info:
    combination therapy Panitumumab + Oxaliplatin + Fluorouracil + Irinotecan
    Indication/Tumor Type colorectal cancer
    Response Type no benefit

    PMIDs:
    20921465 26341920


    Sources:
    JAX-CKB CIViC

  • CISPLATIN   KRAS

    Interaction Score: 0.01

    Interaction Types & Directionality:
    n/a

    Interaction Info:
    combination therapy MK-1775 + Cisplatin
    Indication/Tumor Type non-small cell lung carcinoma
    Response Type predicted – sensitive

    PMIDs:
    27040853 25081901 28652249


    Sources:
    JAX-CKB CIViC

  • CAPECITABINE   KRAS

    Interaction Score: 0.01

    Interaction Types & Directionality:
    n/a

    Interaction Info:
    combination therapy Bevacizumab + Capecitabine
    Indication/Tumor Type colorectal cancer
    Response Type predicted – sensitive

    PMIDs:
    None found


    Sources:
    JAX-CKB

  • BORTEZOMIB   KRAS

    Interaction Score: 0.01

    Interaction Types & Directionality:
    n/a

    Interaction Info:
    Evidence Type Actionable
    Approval Status Preclinical
    Response Type sensitive

    PMIDs:
    22541434


    Sources:
    JAX-CKB

  • VANDETANIB   KRAS

    Interaction Score: 0.01

    Interaction Types & Directionality:
    n/a

    Interaction Info:

    PMIDs:
    None found


    Sources:
    ClearityFoundationBiomarkers

  • IMATINIB   KRAS

    Interaction Score: 0.01

    Interaction Types & Directionality:
    n/a

    Interaction Info:
    Drug family BCR-ABL inhibitor 1st gen&KIT inhibitor
    Alteration KRAS:G12.

    PMIDs:
    None found


    Sources:
    CGI

  • Ensembl: ENSG00000133703

    • Version: 101_38

    Alternate Names:
    KRAS Ensembl Gene Name

    Gene Info:
    Gene Biotype PROTEIN_CODING

    Publications:

  • CancerCommons: KRAS

    • Version: 25-July-2013

    Alternate Names:
    3485 Entrez Gene ID

    Gene Info:
    CancerCommons Reported Gene Name KRAS-RAS

    Publications:

  • TdgClinicalTrial: P01116

    • Version: January-2014

    Alternate Names:
    KRAS Gene Symbol

    Gene Info:
    Target Class Miscellaneous
    Target Subclass Miscellaneous
    Target Subclass Hras

    Publications:

  • GuideToPharmacology: 3845

    • Version: 29-September-2020

    Alternate Names:
    6407 HUGO Gene ID
    6407 HUGO Gene Symbol
    KRAS proto-oncogene, GTPase HUGO Gene Name

    Gene Info:
    GuideToPharmacology Gene Category Name RAS subfamily
    GuideToPharmacology Gene Category ID 897

    Gene Categories:
    ENZYME

    Publications:

  • JAX-CKB: KRAS

    • Version: 27-September-2017

    Alternate Names:
    3845 CKB Entrez Id
    KRAS CKB Gene Synonym
    C-K-RAS CKB Gene Synonym

    Gene Info:

    Publications:
    Hong et al., 2016, Targeting the PI3K signaling pathway in KRAS mutant colon cancer., Cancer Med
    Park et al., 2012, NVP-BKM120, a novel PI3K inhibitor, shows synergism with a STAT3 inhibitor in human gastric cancer cells harboring KRAS mutations., Int. J. Oncol.
    Vansteenkiste et al., 2015, Safety and Efficacy of Buparlisib (BKM120) in Patients with PI3K Pathway-Activated Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer: Results from the Phase II BASALT-1 Study., J Thorac Oncol

  • PharmGKB: KRAS

    • Version: 18-August-2020

    Alternate Names:
    PA30196 PharmGKB ID

    Gene Info:

    Publications:
    Rowland et al., 2016, Meta-analysis comparing the efficacy of anti-EGFR monoclonal antibody therapy between KRAS G13D and other KRAS mutant metastatic colorectal cancer tumours., Eur. J. Cancer
    Gajate P et al., 2012, Influence of KRAS p.G13D mutation in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer treated with cetuximab., Clin Colorectal Cancer
    Sclafani F et al., 2015, Prognostic role of the LCS6 KRAS variant in locally advanced rectal cancer: results of the EXPERT-C trial., Ann Oncol

  • CIViC: KRAS

    • Version: 14-September-2020

    Alternate Names:
    3845 Entrez Gene ID
    30 CIViC Gene ID

    Gene Info:

    Gene Categories:
    DRUG RESISTANCE, CLINICALLY ACTIONABLE

    Publications:
    Patricelli et al., 2016, Selective Inhibition of Oncogenic KRAS Output with Small Molecules Targeting the Inactive State., Cancer Discov
    Azuara et al., 2016, Nanofluidic Digital PCR and Extended Genotyping of RAS and BRAF for Improved Selection of Metastatic Colorectal Cancer Patients for Anti-EGFR Therapies., Mol. Cancer Ther.
    De Roock et al., 2010, Effects of KRAS, BRAF, NRAS, and PIK3CA mutations on the efficacy of cetuximab plus chemotherapy in chemotherapy-refractory metastatic colorectal cancer: a retrospective consortium analysis., Lancet Oncol.

  • DrugBank: BE0004071

    • Version: 5.1.7

    Alternate Names:
    KRAS DrugBank Gene Name
    P01116 UniProt Accession
    3845 Entrez Gene Id

    Gene Info:

    Publications:
    Berman et al., 2000, The Protein Data Bank., Nucleic Acids Res.
    Hallin J et al., 2020, The KRAS<sup>G12C</sup> Inhibitor MRTX849 Provides Insight toward Therapeutic Susceptibility of KRAS-Mutant Cancers in Mouse Models and Patients., Cancer Discov
    Canon J et al., 2019, The clinical KRAS(G12C) inhibitor AMG 510 drives anti-tumour immunity., Nature

  • CGI: KRAS

    • Version: 27-September-2017

    Alternate Names:

    Gene Info:

    Publications:
    Glover et al., 1992, Gastroenteritis outbreak at an industrial camp--British Columbia., Can. Commun. Dis. Rep.
    Sherr et al., 2016, Targeting CDK4 and CDK6: From Discovery to Therapy., Cancer Discov

  • DoCM: KRAS

    • Version: 27-September-2017

    Alternate Names:

    Gene Info:

    Publications:
    Rowland et al., 2016, Meta-analysis comparing the efficacy of anti-EGFR monoclonal antibody therapy between KRAS G13D and other KRAS mutant metastatic colorectal cancer tumours., Eur. J. Cancer
    Tyner et al., 2009, High-throughput sequencing screen reveals novel, transforming RAS mutations in myeloid leukemia patients., Blood
    Kloos et al., 2009, Phase II trial of sorafenib in metastatic thyroid cancer., J. Clin. Oncol.

  • TALC: K-RAS

    • Version: 12-May-2016

    Alternate Names:
    K-RAS Gene Symbol

    Gene Info:

    Publications:

  • OncoKB: KRAS

    • Version: 23-July-2020

    Alternate Names:
    RASK2 OncoKB Gene Synonym
    3845 OncoKB Entrez Id
    KI-RAS OncoKB Gene Synonym

    Gene Info:

    Publications:

  • Tempus: KRAS

    • Version: 11-November-2018

    Alternate Names:
    KRAS Gene Symbol

    Gene Info:

    Gene Categories:
    CLINICALLY ACTIONABLE

    Publications:

  • TTD: GTPase KRas

    • Version: 2020.06.01

    Alternate Names:
    KRAS TTD Gene Abbreviation
    T48598 TTD Target ID

    Gene Info:

    Publications:

  • MskImpact: KRAS

    • Version: May-2015

    Alternate Names:

    Gene Info:

    Gene Categories:
    CLINICALLY ACTIONABLE

    Publications:

  • MyCancerGenomeClinicalTrial: KRAS

    • Version: 30-February-2014

    Alternate Names:

    Gene Info:

    Publications:

  • ClearityFoundationBiomarkers: KRAS

    • Version: 26-July-2013

    Alternate Names:

    Gene Info:

    Publications:

  • FoundationOneGenes: KRAS

    • Version: 03-September-2020

    Alternate Names:

    Gene Info:

    Gene Categories:
    CLINICALLY ACTIONABLE

    Publications:

  • CarisMolecularIntelligence: KRAS

    • Version: 04-September-2020

    Alternate Names:

    Gene Info:

    Gene Categories:
    CLINICALLY ACTIONABLE

    Publications:

  • Oncomine: KRAS

    • Version: v3

    Alternate Names:

    Gene Info:

    Gene Categories:
    CLINICALLY ACTIONABLE

    Publications:

Disclaimer: This resource is intended for purely research purposes. It should not be used for emergencies or medical or professional advice.

A finding of a drug-gene interaction or potentially druggable category does not necessarily indicate effectiveness (or lack thereof) of any drug or treatment regimen. A finding of no interaction or no potentially druggable category does not necessarily indicate lack of effectiveness of any drug or treatment regimen. Drug-gene interactions or potentially druggable categories are not presented in ranked order of potential or predicted efficacy.

The dgidb.org website does not provide any medical or healthcare products, services or advice, and is not for medical emergencies or urgent situations. IF YOU THINK YOU MAY HAVE A MEDICAL EMERGENCY, CALL YOUR DOCTOR OR 911 IMMEDIATELY. Information contained on this website is not a substitute for a doctor's medical judgment or advice. We recommend that you discuss your specific, individual health concerns with your doctor or health care professional.

DGIdb (v4.2.0 - sha1 afd9f30b) • Last updated 2020-10-21