DGIdb - PHENOBARBITAL Drug Record

PHENOBARBITAL chembl:CHEMBL40 Approved

Alternate Names:

PHENEMAL
NSC-128143
NOPTIL
PHENOBARBITONE
NSC-9848
LUMINAL
ESKABARB
PHENOBARBITAL
TALPHENO
PHENOBARBITAL CIV
NSC-128143-
SOLFOTON
PHENYLETHYLMALONYLUREA
FENOBARBITAL
PHENOBARBITAL SODIUM
PHENYLETHYLBARBITURSAEURE
5-ETHYL-5-PHENYL-2,4,6(1H,3H,5H)-PYRIMIDINETRIONE
PHENOBARBITURIC ACID
PHENYLETHYLBARBITURATE
PHENOBARBITOL
PHENYLETHYLBARBITURIC ACID
5-ETHYL-5-PHENYLPYRIMIDINE-2,4,6(1H,3H,5H)-TRIONE
5-ETHYL-5-PHENYLBARBITURIC ACID
5-ETHYL-5-PHENYL-PYRIMIDINE-2,4,6-TRIONE
LUMINAL®
5-PHENYL-5-ETHYLBARBITURIC ACID
PHENYLAETHYLBARBITURSAEURE
drugbank:01174
rxcui:8134
chembl:CHEMBL40
pubchem.compound:4763
chemidplus:50-06-6

Drug Info:

FDA Approval	Approved before 1982
Drug Class	small molecule
Drug Indications	Hypnotics and Sedatives
Drug Indications	Anticonvulsants
Drug Class	hypnotics and sedatives
Drug Class	anticonvulsants
Year of Approval	approved before 1982

(4 More Sources)

Publications:

Ma CL et al., 2014, Association of SCN1A, SCN2A and ABCC2 gene polymorphisms with the response to antiepileptic drugs in Chinese Han patients with epilepsy., Pharmacogenomics
Haerian BS et al., 2013, SCN1A, SCN2A and SCN3A gene polymorphisms and responsiveness to antiepileptic drugs: a multicenter cohort study and meta-analysis., Pharmacogenomics
Arias et al., 2005, Anesthetics as chemical tools to study the structure and function of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors., Curr. Protein Pept. Sci.
Yamakura et al., 2001, Anesthetics and ion channels: molecular models and sites of action., Annu. Rev. Pharmacol. Toxicol.
Krasowski et al., 1999, General anaesthetic actions on ligand-gated ion channels., Cell. Mol. Life Sci.
Sakatis MZ et al., 2012, Preclinical strategy to reduce clinical hepatotoxicity using in vitro bioactivation data for >200 compounds., Chem Res Toxicol
Oxberry et al., 1984, Down regulation of prolactin receptors in the hamster ovary by the preovulatory gonadotropin surge., Biol. Reprod.
Osanai et al., 1997, Phenobarbital causes apoptosis in conditionally immortalized mouse hepatocytes depending on deregulated c-myc expression: characterization of an unexpected effect., Cancer Res.
Kobayashi K et al., 2004, Key structural features of ligands for activation of human pregnane X receptor., Drug Metab Dispos
Faucette et al., 2004, Regulation of CYP2B6 in primary human hepatocytes by prototypical inducers., Drug Metab. Dispos.
Chen et al., 1992, Association between growth stimulation by phenobarbital and expression of cytochromes P450 1A1, 1A2, 2B1/2 and 3A1 in hepatic hyperplastic nodules in male F344 rats., Carcinogenesis
Mazaleuskaya LL et al., 2015, PharmGKB summary: pathways of acetaminophen metabolism at the therapeutic versus toxic doses., Pharmacogenet Genomics
Talwar P et al., 2017, Genetic contribution of CYP1A1 variant on treatment outcome in epilepsy patients: a functional and interethnic perspective., Pharmacogenomics J
Grover S et al., 2010, Genetic polymorphisms in sex hormone metabolizing genes and drug response in women with epilepsy., Pharmacogenomics
Jin et al., 2010, The interaction of the neuroprotective compounds riluzole and phenobarbital with AMPA-type glutamate receptors: a patch-clamp study., Pharmacology
Brandt et al., 2006, The multidrug transporter hypothesis of drug resistance in epilepsy: Proof-of-principle in a rat model of temporal lobe epilepsy., Neurobiol. Dis.
Keangpraphun T et al., 2015, Association of ABCB1 C3435T polymorphism with phenobarbital resistance in Thai patients with epilepsy., J Clin Pharm Ther
Zanger UM et al., 2007, Polymorphic CYP2B6: molecular mechanisms and emerging clinical significance., Pharmacogenomics
Whiting, 2003, The GABAA receptor gene family: new opportunities for drug development., Curr Opin Drug Discov Devel
Macdonald et al., 1986, Anticonvulsant drugs: mechanisms of action., Adv Neurol
Mehta et al., 1999, An update on GABAA receptors., Brain Res. Brain Res. Rev.
Imming et al., 2006, Drugs, their targets and the nature and number of drug targets., Nat Rev Drug Discov
Overington et al., 2006, How many drug targets are there?, Nat Rev Drug Discov
Nakaoka, 1990, Kinetic characteristics of UDP-glucuronosyltransferases towards a dithiol metabolite of malotilate in hepatic microsomes of rats and rabbits., Xenobiotica
Jonges et al., 1995, Effects of partial hepatectomy, phenobarbital and 3-methylcholanthrene on kinetic parameters of glucose-6-phosphate and phosphogluconate dehydrogenase in situ in periportal, intermediate and pericentral zones of rat liver lobules., Biochim. Biophys. Acta
Schuetz et al., 1990, Regulation of cytochrome P-450b/e and P-450p gene expression by growth hormone in adult rat hepatocytes cultured on a reconstituted basement membrane., J. Biol. Chem.
Hassan HE et al., 2013, Induction of xenobiotic receptors, transporters, and drug metabolizing enzymes by oxycodone., Drug Metab Dispos
Manuyakorn W et al., 2013, Phenobarbital-induced severe cutaneous adverse drug reactions are associated with CYP2C19*2 in Thai children., Pediatr Allergy Immunol
Dildy-Mayfield et al., 1996, Anesthetics produce subunit-selective actions on glutamate receptors., J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther.
Chaudhary et al., 1993, Effect of genetic obesity and phenobarbital treatment on the hepatic conjugation pathways., J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther.
Tavoloni et al., 1983, Dose-related effects of phenobarbital on hepatic microsomal enzymes., Proc. Soc. Exp. Biol. Med.
Tanaka et al., 1997, Changes in glutamate receptors, c-fos mRNA expression and activator protein-1 (AP-1) DNA binding activity in the brain of phenobarbital-dependent and -withdrawn rats., Brain Res.
Horio et al., 1993, UDP glucuronosyltransferase gene expression is involved in the stimulation of ascorbic acid biosynthesis by xenobiotics in rats., J. Nutr.
Rico et al., 1992, Long-term influence of anticonvulsant agents on calcitonin, parathyroid hormone and osteocalcin., Eur. Neurol.
Romero et al., 2006, Chemical inducers of rodent glutathione s-transferases down-regulate human GSTA1 transcription through a mechanism involving variant hepatic nuclear factor 1-C., Mol. Pharmacol.

PHENOBARBITAL PGD

Interaction Score: 1.72

Interaction Types & Directionality:

n/a

Interaction Info:

PMIDs:
7827108

Sources:
NCI
PHENOBARBITAL UGT2B15

Interaction Score: 0.57

Interaction Types & Directionality:

n/a

Interaction Info:

PMIDs:
26049587

Sources:
PharmGKB
PHENOBARBITAL GRIK2

Interaction Score: 0.46

Interaction Types & Directionality:

antagonist (inhibitory)

Interaction Info:

Novel drug target Established target

Trial Name -

PMIDs:
11264449 10487207

Sources:
TdgClinicalTrial TEND
PHENOBARBITAL GSTA1

Interaction Score: 0.38

Interaction Types & Directionality:

n/a

Interaction Info:

PMIDs:
16608922

Sources:
NCI
PHENOBARBITAL TAT

Interaction Score: 0.38

Interaction Types & Directionality:

n/a

Interaction Info:

PMIDs:
1688552

Sources:
NCI
PHENOBARBITAL UGT1A5

Interaction Score: 0.38

Interaction Types & Directionality:

n/a

Interaction Info:

PMIDs:
2120856

Sources:
NCI
PHENOBARBITAL UGT1A4

Interaction Score: 0.37

Interaction Types & Directionality:

n/a

Interaction Info:

PMIDs:
8510012 6314341

Sources:
NCI
PHENOBARBITAL UGT1A10

Interaction Score: 0.34

Interaction Types & Directionality:

n/a

Interaction Info:

PMIDs:
8263600

Sources:
NCI
PHENOBARBITAL FOS

Interaction Score: 0.34

Interaction Types & Directionality:

n/a

Interaction Info:

PMIDs:
9187311

Sources:
NCI
PHENOBARBITAL UGT1A6

Interaction Score: 0.27

Interaction Types & Directionality:

n/a

Interaction Info:

PMIDs:
26049587

Sources:
PharmGKB
PHENOBARBITAL GRIA2

Interaction Score: 0.26

Interaction Types & Directionality:

antagonist (inhibitory)

Interaction Info:

Novel drug target Established target

Trial Name -

PMIDs:
20051697 11264449 10487207

Sources:
TdgClinicalTrial TEND
PHENOBARBITAL NR1I3

Interaction Score: 0.25

Interaction Types & Directionality:

n/a

Interaction Info:

PMIDs:
23439660

Sources:
DTC
PHENOBARBITAL CYP1A1

Interaction Score: 0.24

Interaction Types & Directionality:

n/a

Interaction Info:

PMIDs:
26951882 21121773

Sources:
PharmGKB
PHENOBARBITAL CHRNA4

Interaction Score: 0.21

Interaction Types & Directionality:

antagonist (inhibitory)

Interaction Info:

Trial Name -

Novel drug target Established target

PMIDs:
16248797 11264449 10487207

Sources:
TdgClinicalTrial TEND
PHENOBARBITAL PTH

Interaction Score: 0.2

Interaction Types & Directionality:

n/a

Interaction Info:

PMIDs:
1490499

Sources:
NCI
PHENOBARBITAL UGT1A9

Interaction Score: 0.2

Interaction Types & Directionality:

n/a

Interaction Info:

PMIDs:
26049587

Sources:
PharmGKB
PHENOBARBITAL CHRNA7

Interaction Score: 0.2

Interaction Types & Directionality:

antagonist (inhibitory)

Interaction Info:

Trial Name -

Novel drug target Established target

PMIDs:
16248797 11264449 10487207

Sources:
TdgClinicalTrial TEND
PHENOBARBITAL GABRA1

Interaction Score: 0.16

Interaction Types & Directionality:

potentiator

Interaction Info:

Trial Name -

Novel drug target Established target

PMIDs:
11264449 14579514 2871724 10209232 10487207 17016423 17139284

Sources:
TdgClinicalTrial TEND
PHENOBARBITAL GRIA3

Interaction Score: 0.16

Interaction Types & Directionality:

n/a

Interaction Info:

PMIDs:
8786535

Sources:
NCI
PHENOBARBITAL CYP2B6

Interaction Score: 0.14

Interaction Types & Directionality:

n/a

Interaction Info:

PMIDs:
14977870 17638512

Sources:
NCI PharmGKB
PHENOBARBITAL GRIA1

Interaction Score: 0.13

Interaction Types & Directionality:

n/a

Interaction Info:

Trial Name -

Novel drug target Established target

PMIDs:
None found

Sources:
TdgClinicalTrial TEND
PHENOBARBITAL PRL

Interaction Score: 0.1

Interaction Types & Directionality:

n/a

Interaction Info:

PMIDs:
6091795

Sources:
NCI
PHENOBARBITAL SCN2A

Interaction Score: 0.09

Interaction Types & Directionality:

n/a

Interaction Info:

PMIDs:
25155934 23859570

Sources:
PharmGKB
PHENOBARBITAL BAX

Interaction Score: 0.07

Interaction Types & Directionality:

n/a

Interaction Info:

PMIDs:
9230198

Sources:
NCI
PHENOBARBITAL MTHFR

Interaction Score: 0.07

Interaction Types & Directionality:

n/a

Interaction Info:

PMIDs:
None found

Sources:
PharmGKB
PHENOBARBITAL NR1I2

Interaction Score: 0.06

Interaction Types & Directionality:

activator (activating)

agonist (activating)

Interaction Info:

Specific Action of the Ligand Agonist

Endogenous Drug? False

PMIDs:
15039302 14977870

Sources:
GuideToPharmacology PharmGKB
PHENOBARBITAL GABRA4

Interaction Score: 0.05

Interaction Types & Directionality:

n/a

Interaction Info:

Trial Name -

Novel drug target Established target

PMIDs:
None found

Sources:
TdgClinicalTrial TEND
PHENOBARBITAL GABRA6

Interaction Score: 0.05

Interaction Types & Directionality:

n/a

Interaction Info:

Novel drug target Established target

Trial Name -

PMIDs:
None found

Sources:
TdgClinicalTrial TEND
PHENOBARBITAL GABRA5

Interaction Score: 0.04

Interaction Types & Directionality:

n/a

Interaction Info:

Novel drug target Established target

Trial Name -

PMIDs:
None found

Sources:
TdgClinicalTrial TEND
PHENOBARBITAL GABRA3

Interaction Score: 0.04

Interaction Types & Directionality:

n/a

Interaction Info:

Trial Name -

Novel drug target Established target

PMIDs:
None found

Sources:
TdgClinicalTrial TEND
PHENOBARBITAL GABRA2

Interaction Score: 0.04

Interaction Types & Directionality:

n/a

Interaction Info:

Trial Name -

Novel drug target Established target

PMIDs:
None found

Sources:
TdgClinicalTrial TEND
PHENOBARBITAL ABCB1

Interaction Score: 0.03

Interaction Types & Directionality:

n/a

Interaction Info:

PMIDs:
16928449 25846690

Sources:
NCI PharmGKB
PHENOBARBITAL CYP2C19

Interaction Score: 0.01

Interaction Types & Directionality:

n/a

Interaction Info:

PMIDs:
23551241 22931300

Sources:
DTC PharmGKB
PHENOBARBITAL CYP1A2

Interaction Score: 0.01

Interaction Types & Directionality:

n/a

Interaction Info:

PMIDs:
22931300 1349513

Sources:
DTC NCI
PHENOBARBITAL CYP2C9

Interaction Score: 0.01

Interaction Types & Directionality:

n/a

Interaction Info:

PMIDs:
22931300

Sources:
DTC
PHENOBARBITAL CYP2D6

Interaction Score: 0.01

Interaction Types & Directionality:

n/a

Interaction Info:

PMIDs:
22931300

Sources:
DTC
PHENOBARBITAL CYP3A4

Interaction Score: 0.0

Interaction Types & Directionality:

n/a

Interaction Info:

PMIDs:
22931300

Sources:
DTC

TEND: PHENOBARBITAL
- Version: 01-August-2011
Alternate Names:

PHENOBARBITAL Primary Drug Name

Drug Info:

Year of Approval approved before 1982

Drug Class anticonvulsants

Drug Class hypnotics and sedatives

Publications:
TdgClinicalTrial: PHENOBARBITAL
- Version: January-2014
Alternate Names:

Drug Info:

Drug Indications Anticonvulsants

Drug Indications Hypnotics and Sedatives

Drug Class small molecule

Publications:

NCI: PHENOBARBITAL

Version: 14-September-2017

Alternate Names:

C739 NCI drug code

Drug Info:

Publications:

Oxberry et al., 1984, Down regulation of prolactin receptors in the hamster ovary by the preovulatory gonadotropin surge., Biol. Reprod.

Rico et al., 1992, Long-term influence of anticonvulsant agents on calcitonin, parathyroid hormone and osteocalcin., Eur. Neurol.

Brandt et al., 2006, The multidrug transporter hypothesis of drug resistance in epilepsy: Proof-of-principle in a rat model of temporal lobe epilepsy., Neurobiol. Dis.

DTC: PHENOBARBITAL

Version: 02-September-2020

Alternate Names:

CHEMBL40 ChEMBL Drug ID

Drug Info:

Publications:

Hassan HE et al., 2013, Induction of xenobiotic receptors, transporters, and drug metabolizing enzymes by oxycodone., Drug Metab Dispos

Sakatis MZ et al., 2012, Preclinical strategy to reduce clinical hepatotoxicity using in vitro bioactivation data for >200 compounds., Chem Res Toxicol

PharmGKB: phenobarbital

Version: 18-August-2020

Alternate Names:

Drug Info:

Publications:

Mazaleuskaya LL et al., 2015, PharmGKB summary: pathways of acetaminophen metabolism at the therapeutic versus toxic doses., Pharmacogenet Genomics

Keangpraphun T et al., 2015, Association of ABCB1 C3435T polymorphism with phenobarbital resistance in Thai patients with epilepsy., J Clin Pharm Ther

Haerian BS et al., 2013, SCN1A, SCN2A and SCN3A gene polymorphisms and responsiveness to antiepileptic drugs: a multicenter cohort study and meta-analysis., Pharmacogenomics

GuideToPharmacology: 135650817
- Version: 29-September-2020
Alternate Names:

PHENOBARBITAL GuideToPharmacology Ligand Name

Drug Info:

Publications:
TTD: Phenobarbital
- Version: 2020.06.01
Alternate Names:

D0Y7RW TTD Drug ID

Drug Info:

Publications:
ChemblDrugs: chembl:CHEMBL40
- Version: ChEMBL_27
Alternate Names:

Drug Info:

Publications:

Novel drug target	Established target
Trial Name	-

Novel drug target	Established target
Trial Name	-

Trial Name	-
Novel drug target	Established target

Trial Name	-
Novel drug target	Established target

PHENOBARBITAL Drug Record

PHENOBARBITAL chembl:CHEMBL40 Approved

Alternate Names:

Drug Info:

Publications:

Interaction Types & Directionality: n/a

Interaction Info:

PMIDs: 7827108

Sources: NCI

Interaction Types & Directionality: n/a

Interaction Info:

PMIDs: 26049587

Sources: PharmGKB

Interaction Types & Directionality: antagonist (inhibitory)

Interaction Info: Novel drug target Established target Trial Name -

PMIDs: 11264449 10487207

Sources: TdgClinicalTrial TEND

Interaction Types & Directionality: n/a

Interaction Info:

PMIDs: 16608922

Sources: NCI

Interaction Types & Directionality: n/a

Interaction Info:

PMIDs: 1688552

Sources: NCI

Interaction Types & Directionality: n/a

Interaction Info:

PMIDs: 2120856

Sources: NCI

Interaction Types & Directionality: n/a

Interaction Info:

PMIDs: 8510012 6314341

Sources: NCI

Interaction Types & Directionality: n/a

Interaction Info:

PMIDs: 8263600

Sources: NCI

Interaction Types & Directionality: n/a

Interaction Info:

PMIDs: 9187311

Sources: NCI

Interaction Types & Directionality: n/a

Interaction Info:

PMIDs: 26049587

Sources: PharmGKB

Interaction Types & Directionality: antagonist (inhibitory)

Interaction Info: Novel drug target Established target Trial Name -

PMIDs: 20051697 11264449 10487207

Sources: TdgClinicalTrial TEND

Interaction Types & Directionality: n/a

Interaction Info:

PMIDs: 23439660

Sources: DTC

Interaction Types & Directionality: n/a

Interaction Info:

PMIDs: 26951882 21121773

Sources: PharmGKB

Interaction Types & Directionality: antagonist (inhibitory)

Interaction Info: Trial Name - Novel drug target Established target

PMIDs: 16248797 11264449 10487207

Sources: TdgClinicalTrial TEND

Interaction Types & Directionality: n/a

Interaction Info:

PMIDs: 1490499

Sources: NCI

Interaction Types & Directionality: n/a

Interaction Info:

PMIDs: 26049587

Sources: PharmGKB

Interaction Types & Directionality: antagonist (inhibitory)

Interaction Info: Trial Name - Novel drug target Established target

PMIDs: 16248797 11264449 10487207

Sources: TdgClinicalTrial TEND

Interaction Types & Directionality: potentiator

Interaction Info: Trial Name - Novel drug target Established target

PMIDs: 11264449 14579514 2871724 10209232 10487207 17016423 17139284

Sources: TdgClinicalTrial TEND

Interaction Types & Directionality: n/a

Interaction Info:

PMIDs: 8786535

Interaction Types & Directionality:

n/a

PMIDs:
7827108

Sources:
NCI

Interaction Types & Directionality:

n/a

PMIDs:
26049587

Sources:
PharmGKB

Interaction Types & Directionality:

antagonist (inhibitory)

Interaction Info:

Novel drug target Established target

Trial Name -

PMIDs:
11264449 10487207

Sources:
TdgClinicalTrial TEND

Interaction Types & Directionality:

n/a

PMIDs:
16608922

Sources:
NCI

Interaction Types & Directionality:

n/a

PMIDs:
1688552

Sources:
NCI

Interaction Types & Directionality:

n/a

PMIDs:
2120856

Sources:
NCI

Interaction Types & Directionality:

n/a

PMIDs:
8510012 6314341

Sources:
NCI

Interaction Types & Directionality:

n/a

PMIDs:
8263600

Sources:
NCI

Interaction Types & Directionality:

n/a

PMIDs:
9187311

Sources:
NCI

Interaction Types & Directionality:

n/a

PMIDs:
26049587

Sources:
PharmGKB

Interaction Types & Directionality:

antagonist (inhibitory)

Interaction Info:

Novel drug target Established target

Trial Name -

PMIDs:
20051697 11264449 10487207

Sources:
TdgClinicalTrial TEND

Interaction Types & Directionality:

n/a

PMIDs:
23439660

Sources:
DTC

Interaction Types & Directionality:

n/a

PMIDs:
26951882 21121773

Sources:
PharmGKB

Interaction Types & Directionality:

antagonist (inhibitory)

Interaction Info:

Trial Name -

Novel drug target Established target

PMIDs:
16248797 11264449 10487207

Sources:
TdgClinicalTrial TEND

Interaction Types & Directionality:

n/a

PMIDs:
1490499

Sources:
NCI

Interaction Types & Directionality:

n/a

PMIDs:
26049587

Sources:
PharmGKB

Interaction Types & Directionality:

antagonist (inhibitory)

Interaction Info:

Trial Name -

Novel drug target Established target

PMIDs:
16248797 11264449 10487207

Sources:
TdgClinicalTrial TEND

Interaction Types & Directionality:

potentiator

Interaction Info:

Trial Name -

Novel drug target Established target

PMIDs:
11264449 14579514 2871724 10209232 10487207 17016423 17139284

Sources:
TdgClinicalTrial TEND

Interaction Types & Directionality:

n/a

PMIDs:
8786535

Sources:
NCI

Interaction Types & Directionality:

n/a

PMIDs:
14977870 17638512

Sources:
NCI PharmGKB

Interaction Types & Directionality:

n/a

Interaction Info:

Trial Name -

Novel drug target Established target

PMIDs:
None found

Sources:
TdgClinicalTrial TEND

Interaction Types & Directionality:

n/a

PMIDs:
6091795

Sources:
NCI

Interaction Types & Directionality:

n/a

PMIDs:
25155934 23859570

Sources:
PharmGKB

Interaction Types & Directionality:

n/a

PMIDs:
9230198

Sources:
NCI

Interaction Types & Directionality:

n/a

PMIDs:
None found