DGIdb - AZATHIOPRINE Drug Record

AZATHIOPRINE chembl:CHEMBL1542 ApprovedAntineoplasticImmunotherapy

Alternate Names:

KENTAPRINE
BERKAPRINE
AZASAN
AZAPRESS
BW-57-322
AZAMUNE
IMURAN
NSC-39084
IMMUNOPRIN 50
AZATHIOPRINE
OPRISINE 50
6-((1-METHYL-4-NITRO-1H-IMIDAZOL-5-YL)THIO)-1H-PURINE
IMURAN (TN)
IMURAN®
6-(1'-METHYL-4'-NITRO-5'-IMIDAZOLYL)-MERCAPTOPURINE
AZASAN®
chembl:CHEMBL1542
drugbank:00993
pubchem.compound:2265
chemidplus:446-86-6
rxcui:1256

Drug Info:

Drug Categories	toxic actions
Drug Categories	thionucleosides
Drug Categories	cytochrome p-450 cyp1a2 substrates
Drug Categories	cytochrome p-450 substrates
Drug Categories	drugs that are mainly renally excreted
Drug Categories	heterocyclic compounds, fused-ring
Drug Categories	nucleic acid synthesis inhibitors
Drug Categories	p-glycoprotein substrates
Drug Categories	purine antimetabolite

(5 More Sources)

Publications:

Rostaing et al., 1996, Serological markers of autoimmunity in renal transplant patients before and after alpha-interferon therapy for chronic hepatitis C., Am. J. Nephrol.
Lee MN et al., 2015, Impact of Genetic Polymorphisms on 6-Thioguanine Nucleotide Levels and Toxicity in Pediatric Patients with IBD Treated with Azathioprine., Inflamm Bowel Dis
Smith MA et al., 2009, Novel pharmacogenetic markers for treatment outcome in azathioprine-treated inflammatory bowel disease., Aliment Pharmacol Ther
Sakatis MZ et al., 2012, Preclinical strategy to reduce clinical hepatotoxicity using in vitro bioactivation data for >200 compounds., Chem Res Toxicol
Kim HS et al., 2017, A coding variant in <i>FTO</i> confers susceptibility to thiopurine-induced leukopenia in East Asian patients with IBD., Gut
Ban H et al., 2010, The multidrug-resistance protein 4 polymorphism is a new factor accounting for thiopurine sensitivity in Japanese patients with inflammatory bowel disease., J Gastroenterol
Heap GA et al., 2014, HLA-DQA1-HLA-DRB1 variants confer susceptibility to pancreatitis induced by thiopurine immunosuppressants., Nat Genet
Steponaitiene R et al., 2016, TPMT and ITPA genetic variants in Lithuanian inflammatory bowel disease patients: Prevalence and azathioprine-related side effects., Adv Med Sci
Zelinkova Z et al., 2006, Inosine triphosphate pyrophosphatase and thiopurine s-methyltransferase genotypes relationship to azathioprine-induced myelosuppression., Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol
Zabala-Fernández W et al., 2011, A pharmacogenetics study of TPMT and ITPA genes detects a relationship with side effects and clinical response in patients with inflammatory bowel disease receiving Azathioprine., J Gastrointestin Liver Dis
Ansari A et al., 2008, Prospective evaluation of the pharmacogenetics of azathioprine in the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease., Aliment Pharmacol Ther
Hawwa AF et al., 2008, Pharmacogenomic studies of the anticancer and immunosuppressive thiopurines mercaptopurine and azathioprine., Br J Clin Pharmacol
Breen DP et al., 2005, Pharmacogenetic association with adverse drug reactions to azathioprine immunosuppressive therapy following liver transplantation., Liver Transpl
Okada Y et al., 2009, Pro32Thr polymorphism of inosine triphosphate pyrophosphatase gene predicts efficacy of low-dose azathioprine for patients with systemic lupus erythematosus., Clin Pharmacol Ther
Nieszporek et al., 1990, [Selected parameters of calcium and phosphate metabolism in patients after kidney transplantation and administration of azathioprine or cyclosporin A]., Pol. Arch. Med. Wewn.
Stocco G et al., 2014, Deletion of glutathione-s-transferase m1 reduces azathioprine metabolite concentrations in young patients with inflammatory bowel disease., J Clin Gastroenterol
Valerie NC et al., 2016, NUDT15 Hydrolyzes 6-Thio-DeoxyGTP to Mediate the Anticancer Efficacy of 6-Thioguanine., Cancer Res
Liang DC et al., 2016, NUDT15 gene polymorphism related to mercaptopurine intolerance in Taiwan Chinese children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia., Pharmacogenomics J
Soler AM et al., 2018, TPMT and NUDT15 genes are both related to mercaptopurine intolerance in acute lymphoblastic leukaemia patients from Uruguay., Br J Haematol
Shih YC et al., 2019, Azathioprine-induced myelosuppression in two pemphigus vulgaris patients with homozygous polymorphism of NUDT15., J Dermatol
Yang SK et al., 2014, A common missense variant in NUDT15 confers susceptibility to thiopurine-induced leukopenia., Nat Genet
Kakuta Y et al., 2018, NUDT15 codon 139 is the best pharmacogenetic marker for predicting thiopurine-induced severe adverse events in Japanese patients with inflammatory bowel disease: a multicenter study., J Gastroenterol
Ailing Z et al., 2016, Further evidence that a variant of the gene NUDT15 may be an important predictor of azathioprine-induced toxicity in Chinese subjects: a case report., J Clin Pharm Ther
Asada A et al., 2016, NUDT15 R139C-related thiopurine leukocytopenia is mediated by 6-thioguanine nucleotide-independent mechanism in Japanese patients with inflammatory bowel disease., J Gastroenterol
Suzuki H et al., 2016, Genotyping NUDT15 can predict the dose reduction of 6-MP for children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia especially at a preschool age., J Hum Genet
Moriyama T et al., 2016, NUDT15 polymorphisms alter thiopurine metabolism and hematopoietic toxicity., Nat Genet
Cargnin S et al., 2018, Diagnostic accuracy of NUDT15 gene variants for thiopurine-induced leukopenia: a systematic review and meta-analysis., Pharmacol Res
Tanaka Y et al., 2015, Susceptibility to 6-MP toxicity conferred by a NUDT15 variant in Japanese children with acute lymphoblastic leukaemia., Br J Haematol
Shah SA et al., 2017, Nucleoside diphosphate-linked moiety X-type motif 15 C415T variant as a predictor for thiopurine-induced toxicity in Indian patients., J Gastroenterol Hepatol
Kakuta Y et al., 2016, NUDT15 R139C causes thiopurine-induced early severe hair loss and leukopenia in Japanese patients with IBD., Pharmacogenomics J
Zhu X et al., 2016, NUDT15 polymorphisms are better than thiopurine S-methyltransferase as predictor of risk for thiopurine-induced leukopenia in Chinese patients with Crohn's disease., Aliment Pharmacol Ther
Lee YJ et al., 2016, NUDT15 variant is the most common variant associated with thiopurine-induced early leukopenia and alopecia in Korean pediatric patients with Crohn's disease., Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol
Zgheib NK et al., 2017, NUDT15 and TPMT genetic polymorphisms are related to 6-mercaptopurine intolerance in children treated for acute lymphoblastic leukemia at the Children's Cancer Center of Lebanon., Pediatr Blood Cancer
Kishibe M et al., 2018, Severe thiopurine-induced leukocytopenia and hair loss in Japanese patients with defective NUDT15 variant: Retrospective case-control study., J Dermatol
Wong FC et al., 2016, NUDT15 variant and thiopurine-induced leukopenia in Hong Kong., Hong Kong Med J
Tiede I et al., 2003, CD28-dependent Rac1 activation is the molecular target of azathioprine in primary human CD4+ T lymphocytes., J Clin Invest

AZATHIOPRINE NUDT15

Interaction Score: 16.75

Interaction Types & Directionality:

n/a

Interaction Info:

PMIDs:
27530327 26503813 28146264 27558924 30035323 25108385 29923122 27381176 26590936 27193222 26878724 30048756 26033531 27416873 26076924 27604507 26735160 27577869 30101994 27095468

Sources:
FDA PharmGKB CIViC
AZATHIOPRINE DDRGK1

Interaction Score: 4.37

Interaction Types & Directionality:

n/a

Interaction Info:

PMIDs:
21961091

Sources:
PharmGKB
AZATHIOPRINE ITPA

Interaction Score: 4.37

Interaction Types & Directionality:

n/a

Interaction Info:

PMIDs:
26674571 16431304 21961091 18616518 18662289 15973722 19129747

Sources:
PharmGKB
AZATHIOPRINE HLA-DQA1

Interaction Score: 1.09

Interaction Types & Directionality:

n/a

Interaction Info:

PMIDs:
25217962

Sources:
PharmGKB
AZATHIOPRINE FTO

Interaction Score: 0.73

Interaction Types & Directionality:

n/a

Interaction Info:

PMIDs:
27558924

Sources:
PharmGKB
AZATHIOPRINE PPAT

Interaction Score: 0.73

Interaction Types & Directionality:

inhibitor (inhibitory)

Interaction Info:

Direct Interaction yes

Mechanism of Interaction Amidophosphoribosyltransferase inhibitor

PMIDs:
None found

Sources:
TTD ChemblInteractions
AZATHIOPRINE AOX1

Interaction Score: 0.62

Interaction Types & Directionality:

n/a

Interaction Info:

PMIDs:
19500084

Sources:
PharmGKB
AZATHIOPRINE RAC1

Interaction Score: 0.44

Interaction Types & Directionality:

modulator

Interaction Info:

PMIDs:
12697733

Sources:
DrugBank
AZATHIOPRINE TSHB

Interaction Score: 0.4

Interaction Types & Directionality:

n/a

Interaction Info:

PMIDs:
8955758

Sources:
NCI
AZATHIOPRINE TYMSOS

Interaction Score: 0.34

Interaction Types & Directionality:

n/a

Interaction Info:

PMIDs:
26332308

Sources:
PharmGKB
AZATHIOPRINE PTH

Interaction Score: 0.26

Interaction Types & Directionality:

n/a

Interaction Info:

PMIDs:
2216934

Sources:
NCI
AZATHIOPRINE TPMT

Interaction Score: 0.22

Interaction Types & Directionality:

n/a

Interaction Info:

PMIDs:
None found

Sources:
FDA
AZATHIOPRINE GSTM1

Interaction Score: 0.17

Interaction Types & Directionality:

n/a

Interaction Info:

PMIDs:
23787247

Sources:
PharmGKB
AZATHIOPRINE ABCC4

Interaction Score: 0.15

Interaction Types & Directionality:

n/a

Interaction Info:

PMIDs:
20393862

Sources:
PharmGKB
AZATHIOPRINE HLA-DRB1

Interaction Score: 0.14

Interaction Types & Directionality:

n/a

Interaction Info:

PMIDs:
25217962

Sources:
PharmGKB
AZATHIOPRINE TYMS

Interaction Score: 0.09

Interaction Types & Directionality:

n/a

Interaction Info:

PMIDs:
26332308

Sources:
PharmGKB
AZATHIOPRINE HBB

Interaction Score: 0.06

Interaction Types & Directionality:

n/a

Interaction Info:

PMIDs:
None found

Sources:
DTC
AZATHIOPRINE CYP2C9

Interaction Score: 0.01

Interaction Types & Directionality:

n/a

Interaction Info:

PMIDs:
22931300

Sources:
DTC
AZATHIOPRINE CYP2C19

Interaction Score: 0.01

Interaction Types & Directionality:

n/a

Interaction Info:

PMIDs:
22931300

Sources:
DTC
AZATHIOPRINE CYP1A2

Interaction Score: 0.01

Interaction Types & Directionality:

n/a

Interaction Info:

PMIDs:
22931300

Sources:
DTC
AZATHIOPRINE ATAD5

Interaction Score: 0.01

Interaction Types & Directionality:

n/a

Interaction Info:

PMIDs:
None found

Sources:
DTC
AZATHIOPRINE CYP2D6

Interaction Score: 0.01

Interaction Types & Directionality:

n/a

Interaction Info:

PMIDs:
22931300

Sources:
DTC
AZATHIOPRINE TP53

Interaction Score: 0.01

Interaction Types & Directionality:

n/a

Interaction Info:

PMIDs:
None found

Sources:
DTC
AZATHIOPRINE IDH1

Interaction Score: 0.01

Interaction Types & Directionality:

n/a

Interaction Info:

PMIDs:
None found

Sources:
DTC
AZATHIOPRINE CYP3A4

Interaction Score: 0.0

Interaction Types & Directionality:

n/a

Interaction Info:

PMIDs:
22931300

Sources:
DTC
AZATHIOPRINE NFE2L2

Interaction Score: 0.0

Interaction Types & Directionality:

n/a

Interaction Info:

PMIDs:
None found

Sources:
DTC

DrugBank: DB00993
- Version: 5.1.7
Alternate Names:

AZATHIOPRINE DrugBank Drug Name

446-86-6 CAS Number

Apo-azathioprine Drug Brand

Drug Info:

Drug Type small molecule

Drug Groups approved

Drug Categories antimetabolites

Publications:

Tiede I et al., 2003, CD28-dependent Rac1 activation is the molecular target of azathioprine in primary human CD4+ T lymphocytes., J Clin Invest

NCI: AZATHIOPRINE

Version: 14-September-2017

Alternate Names:

C290 NCI drug code

Drug Info:

Publications:

Rostaing et al., 1996, Serological markers of autoimmunity in renal transplant patients before and after alpha-interferon therapy for chronic hepatitis C., Am. J. Nephrol.

Nieszporek et al., 1990, [Selected parameters of calcium and phosphate metabolism in patients after kidney transplantation and administration of azathioprine or cyclosporin A]., Pol. Arch. Med. Wewn.

DTC: AZATHIOPRINE
- Version: 02-September-2020
Alternate Names:

CHEMBL1542 ChEMBL Drug ID

Drug Info:

Publications:

Sakatis MZ et al., 2012, Preclinical strategy to reduce clinical hepatotoxicity using in vitro bioactivation data for >200 compounds., Chem Res Toxicol

PharmGKB: azathioprine

Version: 18-August-2020

Alternate Names:

Drug Info:

Publications:

Lee MN et al., 2015, Impact of Genetic Polymorphisms on 6-Thioguanine Nucleotide Levels and Toxicity in Pediatric Patients with IBD Treated with Azathioprine., Inflamm Bowel Dis

Smith MA et al., 2009, Novel pharmacogenetic markers for treatment outcome in azathioprine-treated inflammatory bowel disease., Aliment Pharmacol Ther

Ban H et al., 2010, The multidrug-resistance protein 4 polymorphism is a new factor accounting for thiopurine sensitivity in Japanese patients with inflammatory bowel disease., J Gastroenterol

CIViC: AZATHIOPRINE
- Version: 14-September-2020
Alternate Names:

Drug Info:

Publications:

Moriyama T et al., 2016, NUDT15 polymorphisms alter thiopurine metabolism and hematopoietic toxicity., Nat Genet
TTD: Azathioprine
- Version: 2020.06.01
Alternate Names:

D07QCE TTD Drug ID

Drug Info:

Publications:
ChemblInteractions: CHEMBL1542
- Version: chembl_23
Alternate Names:

Drug Info:

Publications:
ChemblDrugs: chembl:CHEMBL1542
- Version: ChEMBL_27
Alternate Names:

Drug Info:

Publications:
FDA: Azathioprine
- Version: 04-September-2020
Alternate Names:

Drug Info:

Publications:

Direct Interaction	yes
Mechanism of Interaction	Amidophosphoribosyltransferase inhibitor

AZATHIOPRINE	DrugBank Drug Name
446-86-6	CAS Number
Apo-azathioprine	Drug Brand

Drug Type	small molecule
Drug Groups	approved
Drug Categories	antimetabolites

AZATHIOPRINE Drug Record

AZATHIOPRINE chembl:CHEMBL1542 ApprovedAntineoplasticImmunotherapy

Alternate Names:

Drug Info:

Publications:

Interaction Types & Directionality: n/a

Interaction Info:

PMIDs: 27530327 26503813 28146264 27558924 30035323 25108385 29923122 27381176 26590936 27193222 26878724 30048756 26033531 27416873 26076924 27604507 26735160 27577869 30101994 27095468

Sources: FDA PharmGKB CIViC

Interaction Types & Directionality: n/a

Interaction Info:

PMIDs: 21961091

Sources: PharmGKB

Interaction Types & Directionality: n/a

Interaction Info:

PMIDs: 26674571 16431304 21961091 18616518 18662289 15973722 19129747

Sources: PharmGKB

Interaction Types & Directionality: n/a

Interaction Info:

PMIDs: 25217962

Sources: PharmGKB

Interaction Types & Directionality: n/a

Interaction Info:

PMIDs: 27558924

Sources: PharmGKB

Interaction Types & Directionality: inhibitor (inhibitory)

Interaction Info: Direct Interaction yes Mechanism of Interaction Amidophosphoribosyltransferase inhibitor

PMIDs: None found

Sources: TTD ChemblInteractions

Interaction Types & Directionality: n/a

Interaction Info:

PMIDs: 19500084

Sources: PharmGKB

Interaction Types & Directionality: modulator

Interaction Info:

PMIDs: 12697733

Sources: DrugBank

Interaction Types & Directionality: n/a

Interaction Info:

PMIDs: 8955758

Sources: NCI

Interaction Types & Directionality: n/a

Interaction Info:

PMIDs: 26332308

Sources: PharmGKB

Interaction Types & Directionality: n/a

Interaction Info:

PMIDs: 2216934

Sources: NCI

Interaction Types & Directionality: n/a

Interaction Info:

PMIDs: None found

Sources: FDA

Interaction Types & Directionality: n/a

Interaction Info:

PMIDs: 23787247

Sources: PharmGKB

Interaction Types & Directionality: n/a

Interaction Info:

PMIDs: 20393862

Sources: PharmGKB

Interaction Types & Directionality: n/a

Interaction Info:

PMIDs: 25217962

Sources: PharmGKB

Interaction Types & Directionality: n/a

Interaction Info:

PMIDs: 26332308

Sources: PharmGKB

Interaction Types & Directionality: n/a

Interaction Info:

PMIDs: None found

Sources: DTC

Interaction Types & Directionality: n/a

Interaction Info:

PMIDs: 22931300

Sources: DTC

Interaction Types & Directionality: n/a

Interaction Info:

PMIDs: 22931300

Interaction Types & Directionality:

n/a

PMIDs:
27530327 26503813 28146264 27558924 30035323 25108385 29923122 27381176 26590936 27193222 26878724 30048756 26033531 27416873 26076924 27604507 26735160 27577869 30101994 27095468

Sources:
FDA PharmGKB CIViC

Interaction Types & Directionality:

n/a

PMIDs:
21961091

Sources:
PharmGKB

Interaction Types & Directionality:

n/a

PMIDs:
26674571 16431304 21961091 18616518 18662289 15973722 19129747

Sources:
PharmGKB

Interaction Types & Directionality:

n/a

PMIDs:
25217962

Sources:
PharmGKB

Interaction Types & Directionality:

n/a

PMIDs:
27558924

Sources:
PharmGKB

Interaction Types & Directionality:

inhibitor (inhibitory)

Interaction Info:

Direct Interaction yes

Mechanism of Interaction Amidophosphoribosyltransferase inhibitor

PMIDs:
None found

Sources:
TTD ChemblInteractions

Interaction Types & Directionality:

n/a

PMIDs:
19500084

Sources:
PharmGKB

Interaction Types & Directionality:

modulator

PMIDs:
12697733

Sources:
DrugBank

Interaction Types & Directionality:

n/a

PMIDs:
8955758

Sources:
NCI

Interaction Types & Directionality:

n/a

PMIDs:
26332308

Sources:
PharmGKB

Interaction Types & Directionality:

n/a

PMIDs:
2216934

Sources:
NCI

Interaction Types & Directionality:

n/a

PMIDs:
None found

Sources:
FDA

Interaction Types & Directionality:

n/a

PMIDs:
23787247

Sources:
PharmGKB

Interaction Types & Directionality:

n/a

PMIDs:
20393862

Sources:
PharmGKB

Interaction Types & Directionality:

n/a

PMIDs:
25217962

Sources:
PharmGKB

Interaction Types & Directionality:

n/a

PMIDs:
26332308

Sources:
PharmGKB

Interaction Types & Directionality:

n/a

PMIDs:
None found

Sources:
DTC

Interaction Types & Directionality:

n/a

PMIDs:
22931300

Sources:
DTC

Interaction Types & Directionality:

n/a

PMIDs:
22931300

Sources:
DTC

Interaction Types & Directionality:

n/a

PMIDs:
22931300

Sources:
DTC

Interaction Types & Directionality:

n/a

PMIDs:
None found

Sources:
DTC

Interaction Types & Directionality:

n/a

PMIDs:
22931300

Sources:
DTC

Interaction Types & Directionality:

n/a

PMIDs:
None found

Sources:
DTC

Interaction Types & Directionality:

n/a

PMIDs:
None found

Sources:
DTC

Interaction Types & Directionality:

n/a

PMIDs:
22931300

Sources:
DTC

Interaction Types & Directionality:

n/a

PMIDs:
None found

Sources:
DTC

Alternate Names:

AZATHIOPRINE DrugBank Drug Name

446-86-6 CAS Number

Apo-azathioprine Drug Brand